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I'll have finished by Friday

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1 ♦ shall

♦ shall /ʃæl, ʃəl/
v. modale

shall, come tutti i verbi modali, ha caratteristiche particolari:

● non ha forme flesse (-s alla 3^a pers. sing. pres., - ing, -ed), non è mai usato con ausiliari e non ha quindi tempi composti; la forma del passato, solo per alcuni significati, è should;

● non è mai usato con ausiliari e non ha quindi tempi composti;

● forma le domande mediante la semplice posposizione del soggetto;

● la forma negativa è shall not, spesso abbreviato in shan't;

● l'infinito che segue non ha la particella to;

● viene usato nelle question tags

1 (form. o antiq.) (alla 1^a pers. sing. e pl.: esprime il futuro di previsione o di certezza) – We shall overcome, vinceremo; Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God, beati i puri di cuore, perché essi vedranno Dio; The real problems, as I shall explain in a moment, are quite different, i veri problemi, come spiegherò tra breve, sono ben altri; I doubt whether I shall see him again, dubito che lo rivedrò; I shan't let you down, non ti deluderò; We shall have finished by Friday, avremo finito per venerdì; We shall be shortly landing in Bonn, tra pochi minuti atterreremo a Bonn

2 (alla 1^a pers. sing. e pl.: nelle frasi interr., esprime suggerimento, offerta, richiesta) – Shall I leave the door open?, lascio aperta la porta?; Shall I get you a drink?, ti porto qualcosa da bere?; DIALOGO → - Going to the airport- Shall we go?, andiamo?; Shall we talk about something else?, (che ne dite se) parliamo d'altro?; What shall I answer?, che risposta devo dare?; What shall I do now?, e adesso che faccio?; What shall I cook tonight?, che cosa preparo stasera?; DIALOGO → - Dinner 1- What shall we have for dinner?, che vogliamo mangiare per cena?; Let's have a cup of tea, shall we?, beviamoci un tè, eh?

3 (form.) (alla 3^a pers. sing. e pl.: esprime un obbligo dettato da disposizione, norma, legge, ecc.) – Payments shall be made by cheque, il pagamento deve essere effettuato (o va fatto) mediante assegno; ( Bibbia) Thou shalt not kill, non uccidere

4 (form.) (alla 2^a pers.: esprime una promessa o un ordine) – You shall be held responsible for what happens, sarai ritenuto responsabile di quel che accade; You shan't have your piece of cake, if you don't behave, non avrai la tua fetta di torta se non ti comporti come si deve.

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ shall
2 by

by [baɪ]

de côté ⇒ 1 (b) près de ⇒ 2 (a) au bord de ⇒ 2 (a) devant ⇒ 2 (b) par ⇒ 2 (c)-(f), 2 (h), 2 (o), 2 (q) à ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (p), 2 (q) en ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (q) de ⇒ 2 (g), 2 (m), 2 (n)

1 adverb

(a) (past)

∎ she drove by without stopping elle est passée (en voiture) sans s'arrêter;

∎ he managed to squeeze by il a réussi à passer (en se faufilant);

∎ if you see him, just walk on by si tu le vois, ne t'arrête pas;

∎ two hours have gone by deux heures ont passé;

∎ as time went by he became less bitter avec le temps il est devenu moins amer

(b) (aside, away) de côté;

∎ to lay or put sth by mettre qch de côté;

∎ she put some money by for her old age elle a mis de l'argent de côté pour ses vieux jours

(c) (nearby)

∎ is there a bank close by? y a-t-il une banque près d'ici?;

∎ she sat or stood by while they operated elle est restée là pendant qu'ils opéraient;

∎ figurative how can you just sit or stand by while he suffers? comment peux-tu rester là sans rien faire alors qu'il souffre?;

∎ stand by in case of an emergency ne vous éloignez pas au cas où il y aurait une urgence

(d) (to, at someone's home)

∎ I'll stop or drop by this evening je passerai ce soir;

∎ your mother came by this morning ta mère est passée ce matin

2 preposition

(a) (near, beside) près de, à côté de;

∎ by a stream au bord ou près d'un ruisseau;

∎ by the sea au bord de la mer;

∎ she parked her car by the kerb elle gara sa voiture au bord du trottoir;

∎ come and sit by me or my side viens t'asseoir près ou auprès de moi;

∎ sitting by the fire assis près du feu;

∎ don't stand by the door ne restez pas debout près de la porte

(b) (past) devant;

∎ she walked right by me elle passa juste devant moi;

∎ I drive by the school every day je passe (en voiture) devant l'école tous les jours

(c) (through) par;

∎ she left by the back door elle est partie par la porte de derrière

(d) (indicating means, method)

∎ to pay by cheque payer par chèque;

∎ by letter/phone par courrier/téléphone;

∎ to go by bus/car/plane/train aller en autobus/voiture/avion/train;

∎ send it by plane/ship envoyez-le par avion/bateau;

∎ by land/sea par (voie de) terre/mer;

∎ by land and sea par terre et par mer;

∎ it's quicker by train ça va plus vite en train;

∎ I know her by name/sight je la connais de nom/vue;

∎ literary he died by his own hand il est mort de sa propre main;

∎ you must wash it by hand il faut le laver à la main;

∎ was it made by hand/machine? a-t-il été fait à la main/machine?;

∎ by candlelight à la lumière d'une bougie;

∎ by moonlight au clair de lune;

∎ I can do it by myself je peux le faire (tout) seul;

∎ I'm all by myself tonight je suis tout seul ce soir

(e) (indicating agent or cause) par;

∎ it was built by the Romans il fut construit par les Romains;

∎ the house was surrounded by the police la police a cerné la maison;

∎ I was shocked by his reaction sa réaction m'a choqué;

∎ she had two daughters by him elle a eu deux filles de lui;

∎ she has a daughter by her first marriage/husband elle a une fille de son premier mariage/mari

(f) (as a result of) par; (with present participle) en;

∎ by chance/mistake par hasard/erreur;

∎ by working overtime he managed to pay off his debts en faisant des heures supplémentaires il a réussi à rembourser ses dettes;

∎ I'll lose by doing it j'y perdrai;

∎ he learned to cook by watching his mother il a appris à faire la cuisine en regardant sa mère

(g) (indicating authorship) de;

∎ a book by Toni Morrison un livre de Toni Morrison;

∎ a quartet by Schubert un quatuor de Schubert

(h) (indicating part of person, thing held) par;

∎ carry it by the handle prends-le par la poignée;

∎ she took her by the hand elle l'a prise par la main;

∎ he seized him by the collar il l'a saisi par le col

(i) (not later than, before)

∎ she'll be here by tonight/five o'clock elle sera ici avant ce soir/pour cinq heures;

∎ it must be done by tomorrow ça doit être fait pour demain;

∎ I'll have finished by Friday j'aurai fini pour vendredi;

∎ by the end of the 21st century illiteracy should be stamped out d'ici la fin du XXIème siècle l'analphabétisme devrait avoir disparu;

∎ by 1960 most Americans had television sets en 1960 la plupart des Américains avaient déjà un poste de télévision;

∎ by the time you read this letter I'll be in California lorsque tu liras cette lettre, je serai en Californie;

∎ by the time the police came the thieves had left le temps que la police arrive ou lorsque la police arriva, les voleurs étaient déjà partis;

∎ he should be in India by now il devrait être en Inde maintenant;

∎ she had already married by then à ce moment-là elle était déjà mariée

(j) (during)

∎ by daylight au jour, à la lumière du jour;

∎ he works by night and sleeps by day il travaille la nuit et dort le jour

(k) (according to) d'après;

∎ to call sb by his/her name appeler qn par son nom;

∎ they're rich, even by American standards ils sont riches même par rapport aux normes américaines;

∎ it's 6:15 by my watch il est 6 heures 15 à ou d'après ma montre;

∎ you can tell he's lying by the expression on his face on voit qu'il ment à l'expression de son visage

(l) (in accordance with) selon, d'après;

∎ by law selon ou d'après la loi;

∎ Sport & figurative to play by the rules faire les choses dans les règles

(m) (with regard to) de;

∎ to do one's duty by sb faire son devoir envers qn;

∎ she's Canadian by birth elle est canadienne de naissance;

∎ cheerful by nature gai par nature, d'un naturel gai;

∎ he's an actor by trade or profession il est acteur de profession;

∎ familiar it's all right by me moi, je suis d'accord ou je n'ai rien contre;

∎ familiar if that's okay by you si ça te va, si tu es d'accord^□

(n) (indicating degree, extent) de;

∎ Sport she won by five points elle a gagné de cinq points;

∎ I missed the train by less than a minute j'ai manqué le train de moins d'une minute;

∎ she's older than her husband by five years elle est plus âgée que son mari de cinq ans;

∎ increase your income by half augmentez vos revenus de 50 pour cent;

∎ they overcharged me by ten percent ils m'ont compté dix pour cent en trop;

∎ his second book is better by far son deuxième livre est nettement meilleur

(o) (in calculations, measurements)

∎ multiply/divide 12 by 6 multipliez/divisez 12 par 6;

∎ the room is 6 metres by 3 (metres) la pièce fait 6 mètres sur 3 (mètres)

(p) (indicating specific amount, duration)

∎ to be paid by the hour/week/month être payé à l'heure/à la semaine/au mois;

∎ Commerce they only sell by the kilo ils ne vendent qu'au kilo;

∎ Commerce it sold by the thousand ça s'est vendu par milliers;

∎ he rents his room by the week il loue sa chambre à la semaine

(q) (indicating rate or speed)

∎ little by little peu à peu;

∎ day by day jour par jour, de jour en jour;

∎ year by year d'année en année;

∎ two by two deux par deux

(r) (used with points of the compass) quart;

∎ north by west nord-quart-nord-ouest

3 by and by adverb

literary bientôt

4 by the by

1 adverb

à propos

2 adjective

∎ that's by the by ça n'a pas d'importance

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > by
3 will

will¹ n

1. voluntad / ganas

you must have the will to win debes tener la voluntad de ganar

2. testamento

he left everything to his wife in his will dejó todo a su mujer en su testamento

will² vb

1.

Se emplea para formar el tiempo futuro de los verbos

when will they arrive? ¿cuándo llegarán?

2.

Se emplea para pedir a alguien que haga algo

will you close that door, please? ¿quieres cerrar esa puerta, por favor?

will

tr[wɪl]

auxiliar

1 (future)

■ she will be here tomorrow estará aquí mañana

■ we won't finish today no acabaremos hoy

■ it won't rain, will it? no lloverá, ¿verdad?

■ you'll catch it if you hurry lo cogerás si te das prisa

■ I'll see you next week hasta la semana que viene

■ I will always love you siempre te amaré

■ what will you do if she's late? ¿qué harás si llega tarde?

2 (be disposed to, be willing to)

■ (no), I won't no quiero

■ I'll do it lo haré (yo)

■ he won't open the door se niega a abrir la puerta

■ the car won't start el coche no arranca

■ I won't have it! ¡no lo permito!

■ will you stay for dinner? ¿quieres quedarte a cenar?

■ won't you take a seat? ¿quiere sentarse?, siéntese, por favor

3 (requests) querer

■ will you do me a favour? ¿quieres hacerme un favor?

■ you won't forget to tell him, will you? no se te olvidará de decírselo, ¿verdad?

■ make me a cup of tea, will you? hazme una taza de té, ¿quieres?

4 (general truths, custom)

■ accidents will happen siempre habrá accidentes

■ boys will be boys así son los chicos

5 (orders, commands)

■ will you be quiet! ¡quieres callarte!, ¡cállate!

■ you will report in my office tomorrow preséntese en mi oficina mañana

6 (insistence, persistence) insistir en

■ she will play her music at full volume insiste en poner la música a tope

■ he will leave the door open es que no hay manera de que cierre la puerta

7 (can, possibility) poder

■ this phone will accept credit cards este teléfono va con tarjetas de crédito

■ this washing machine will take 5 kgs esta lavadora aguanta 5 kilos

8 (supposition, must, probability) deber de

■ that'll be John será John, debe de ser John

■ they'll be home by now ya estarán en casa, ya deben de estar en casa

intransitive verb

1 formal use dated (wish) querer

■ what you will lo que quieras

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

if you will si así lo quiere

I will (in wedding) sí, quiero

will do muy bien, lo haré

————————

will

tr[wɪl]

noun

1 (control, volition) voluntad nombre femenino; (free will) albedrío

■ she's lost the will to live ha perdido la voluntad de vivir

■ a clash of wills un conflicto de voluntades

■ he's got a strong will tiene mucha voluntad

■ it is God's will es la voluntad de Dios

2 SMALLLAW/SMALL testamento, últimas nombre femenino plural voluntades

■ he left me this ring in his will me dejó este anillo en su testamento

■ have you made a will? ¿has hecho (tu) testamento?

transitive verb

1 (make or intend to happen by power of mind) desear, querer

■ we were willing him to win estábamos deseando que ganara

■ she willed it to happen logró que pasara por fuerza de voluntad

2 formal use (intend, desire) querer, ordenar, mandar

■ if God wills si Dios lo quiere

3 SMALLLAW/SMALL legar, dejar en testamento

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

against one's will contra su voluntad, a pesar suyo

at will a voluntad

of one's own free will por voluntad propia

where there's a will there's a way querer es poder

with a will con ilusión, con entusiasmo, con ganas

last will and testament última voluntad nombre femenino

will ['wɪl] v, past would ['wʊd] ; pres sing & pl will vi

wish: querer

do what you will: haz lo que quieras

will v aux

1) (expressing willingness)

no one would take the job: nadie aceptaría el trabajo

I won't do it: no lo haré

2) (expressing habitual action)

he will get angry over nothing: se pone furioso por cualquier cosa

3) (forming the future tense)

tomorrow we will go shopping: mañana iremos de compras

4) (expressing capacity)

the couch will hold three people: en el sofá cabrán tres personas

5) (expressing determination)

I will go despite them: iré a pesar de ellos

6) (expressing probability)

that will be the mailman: eso ha de ser el cartero

7) (expressing inevitability)

accidents will happen: los accidentes ocurrirán

8) (expressing a command)

you will do as I say: harás lo que digo

will vt

1) ordain: disponer, decretar

if God wills it: si Dios lo dispone, si Dios quiere

2) : lograr a fuerza de voluntad

they were willing him to succeed: estaban deseando que tuviera éxito

3) bequeath: legar

will n

1) desire: deseo m, voluntad f

2) volition: voluntad f

free will: libre albedrío

3) willpower: voluntad f, fuerza f de voluntad

a will of iron: una voluntad férrea

4) : testamento m

to make a will: hacer testamento

will

v.

• legar v.

• lograr por fuerza v.

• querer v.

(§pret: quis-) fut/c: querr-•)

aux.

(Verbo modal para indicar el futuro) v.

n.

• gusto s.m.

• placer s.m.

• testamento s.m.

• volición s.f.

• voluntad s.f.

I
1. wɪl
modal verb (past would) [ 'll es la contracción de will, won't de will not y 'll've de will have]

1)

a) ( talking about the future)

he'll come on Friday — vendrá el viernes, va a venir el viernes

he said he would come on Friday — dijo que vendría or iba a venir el viernes

he won't ever change his ways — no cambiará nunca, no va a cambiar nunca

will you be staying at Jack's? — ¿te vas a quedar en casa de Jack?

at the end of this month, he'll have been working here for a year — este fin de mes hará or va a hacer un año que trabaja aquí

you won't leave without me, will you? — no te irás sin mí ¿no?

b) ( expressing resolution) (with first person)

I won't let you down — no te fallaré, no te voy a fallar

2)

a) ( expressing willingness)

will o would you do me a favor? — ¿quieres hacerme un favor?, ¿me haces un favor?

she won't tell us what happened — no nos quiere decir qué pasó

I won't stand for this — no pienso tolerar esto

b) ( in orders)

be quiet, will you! — cállate, ¿quieres?, quieres callarte!

c) ( in invitations)

will you have a drink? — ¿quieres tomar algo?

you'll stay for dinner, won't you? — te quedas a cenar ¿no?

3) ( expressing conjecture)

won't they be having lunch now? — ¿no estarán comiendo ahora?

you will have gathered that... — te habrás dado cuenta de que...

that would have been in 1947 — eso debe (de) haber sido en 1947

4)

a) (indicating habit, characteristic)

I'll watch anything on television — yo soy capaz de mirar cualquier cosa en la televisión

he'd get drunk every Saturday — se emborrachaba or solía emborracharse todos los sábados

he will jump to conclusions — él siempre tiene que precipitarse a sacar conclusiones

you won't be told, will you? — qué cosa! ¿por qué no haces caso?

b) ( indicating capability)

it will do 40 miles per gallon — hace 40 millas por galón

this door won't shut — esta puerta no cierra or no quiere cerrar

2.

vt (past & past p willed)

1)

a) (urge, try to cause)

I was willing her to get the answer right — estaba deseando con todas mis fuerzas or con toda mi voluntad que diera la respuesta correcta

b) (desire, ordain) (frml) \<\<God\>\> disponer*, querer*

2) ( bequeath) legar*, dejar en testamento

II

noun

1) u

a) ( faculty) voluntad f

this machine has a will of its own — esta máquina está endiablada

b) (determination, willpower) voluntad f

to break somebody's will — doblegar* a alguien

to lose the will to live — perder* las ansias or las ganas de vivir

they set about their tasks with a will — se pusieron a trabajar con empeño

where there's a will, there's a way — querer es poder

c) (desire, intention) voluntad f

it was God's will — Dios así lo quiso, fue la voluntad divina

patients may come and go at will — los pacientes pueden entrar y salir a voluntad or cuando quieren or (frml) cuando les place

2) c ( testament) testamento m

last will and testament — última voluntad y testamento

I [wɪl] (pt would)
1. MODAL VB

1) (talking about the future)

a)

I will or I'll finish it tomorrow — lo terminaré mañana

I will or I'll have finished it by tomorrow — lo habré terminado para mañana

you won't lose it, will you? — no lo perderás ¿verdad?; (stronger) no lo vayas a perder

you will come to see us, won't you? — vendrás a vernos, ¿no?

it won't take long — no llevará mucho tiempo

we'll probably go out later — seguramente saldremos luego

I'll always love you — te querré siempre

what will you do? — ¿qué vas a hacer?

we'll be having lunch late — vamos a comer tarde

we'll talk about it later — hablamos luego

b) (emphatic language)

I will do it! — ¡sí lo haré!

no he won't! — ¡no lo hará!

2) (in conjectures)

he will or he'll be there by now — ya debe de haber llegado or ya habrá llegado

she'll be about 50 — tendrá como 50 años

that will be the postman — será el cartero

3) (expressing willingness)

a) (in commands, insistence)

will you sit down! — ¡siéntate!

will you be quiet! — ¿te quieres callar?

he will have none of it — no quiere ni siquiera pensarlo

"I won't go" - "oh yes you will" — -no voy -¿cómo que no?

I will not or I won't put up with it! — ¡no lo voy a consentir!

I will not have it that... — no permito que se diga que... + subjun

I will — (marriage service) sí quiero

b) (in offers, requests, invitations, refusals)

come on, I'll help you — venga, te ayudo

will you help me? — ¿me ayudas?

wait a moment, will you? — espera un momento, ¿quieres?

will you have some tea? — ¿quieres tomar un té?

will you sit down? — ¿quiere usted sentarse?, tome usted asiento more frm

won't you come with us? — ¿no quieres venir con nosotros?

Tom won't help me — Tom no me quiere ayudar

4) (expressing habits)

a) soler, acostumbrar a

she will read for hours on end — suele leer or acostumbra a leer durante horas y horas

b) (expressing persistence)

she will smoke, despite what the doctor says — a pesar de lo que dice el médico, se empeña en fumar

accidents will happen — son cosas que pasan

boys will be boys — así son los chicos

he will keep leaving the door open — siempre tiene que dejar la puerta abierta

if you will eat so much, you can hardly expect to be slim — si insistes en comer tanto, no pensarás adelgazar

5) (expressing capability)

the car won't start — el coche no arranca

the car will cruise at 100mph — el coche podrá alcanzar las 100 millas por hora

a man who will do that will do anything — un hombre que es capaz de eso es capaz de todo

2.

VI (=wish) querer

(just) as you will! — ¡como quieras!

if God wills — si lo quiere Dios

say what you will — di lo que quieras

do as you will — haz lo que quieras, haz lo que te parezca bien

look where you will, you won't find one — mires donde mires, no vas a encontrar uno

II [wɪl]
1. N

1) (=inclination, wish) voluntad f

• against sb's will — contra la voluntad de algn

• at will — a voluntad

• to do sb's will — hacer la voluntad de algn

Thy will be done — hágase tu voluntad

• to do sth of one's own free will — hacer algo por voluntad propia

• the will of God — la voluntad de Dios

• iron will, will of iron — voluntad f de hierro

• to have a will of one's own — tener voluntad propia

• it is my will that you should do it — frm quiero que lo hagas

• the will to win/live — el deseo de ganar/vivir

• to work with a will — trabajar con ahinco

• with the best will in the world — por mucho que se quiera

- where there's a will there's a way
ill 1., 2)
2) (=testament) testamento m

• the last will and testament of... — la última voluntad de...

• to make a will — hacer testamento

2. VT

1) (=urge on by willpower) lograr a fuerza de voluntad

he willed himself to stay awake — consiguió quedarse despierto a fuerza de voluntad

I was willing you to win — estaba deseando que ganaras

2) (=ordain) ordenar, disponer

God has so willed it — Dios lo ha ordenado así

3) (=leave in one's will)

to will sth to sb — legar algo a algn, dejar algo (en herencia) a algn

he willed his pictures to the nation — legó sus cuadros a la nación

* * *

I
1. [wɪl]
modal verb (past would) [ 'll es la contracción de will, won't de will not y 'll've de will have]

1)

a) ( talking about the future)

he'll come on Friday — vendrá el viernes, va a venir el viernes

he said he would come on Friday — dijo que vendría or iba a venir el viernes

he won't ever change his ways — no cambiará nunca, no va a cambiar nunca

will you be staying at Jack's? — ¿te vas a quedar en casa de Jack?

at the end of this month, he'll have been working here for a year — este fin de mes hará or va a hacer un año que trabaja aquí

you won't leave without me, will you? — no te irás sin mí ¿no?

b) ( expressing resolution) (with first person)

I won't let you down — no te fallaré, no te voy a fallar

2)

a) ( expressing willingness)

will o would you do me a favor? — ¿quieres hacerme un favor?, ¿me haces un favor?

she won't tell us what happened — no nos quiere decir qué pasó

I won't stand for this — no pienso tolerar esto

b) ( in orders)

be quiet, will you! — cállate, ¿quieres?, quieres callarte!

c) ( in invitations)

will you have a drink? — ¿quieres tomar algo?

you'll stay for dinner, won't you? — te quedas a cenar ¿no?

3) ( expressing conjecture)

won't they be having lunch now? — ¿no estarán comiendo ahora?

you will have gathered that... — te habrás dado cuenta de que...

that would have been in 1947 — eso debe (de) haber sido en 1947

4)

a) (indicating habit, characteristic)

I'll watch anything on television — yo soy capaz de mirar cualquier cosa en la televisión

he'd get drunk every Saturday — se emborrachaba or solía emborracharse todos los sábados

he will jump to conclusions — él siempre tiene que precipitarse a sacar conclusiones

you won't be told, will you? — qué cosa! ¿por qué no haces caso?

b) ( indicating capability)

it will do 40 miles per gallon — hace 40 millas por galón

this door won't shut — esta puerta no cierra or no quiere cerrar

2.

vt (past & past p willed)

1)

a) (urge, try to cause)

I was willing her to get the answer right — estaba deseando con todas mis fuerzas or con toda mi voluntad que diera la respuesta correcta

b) (desire, ordain) (frml) \<\<God\>\> disponer*, querer*

2) ( bequeath) legar*, dejar en testamento

II

noun

1) u

a) ( faculty) voluntad f

this machine has a will of its own — esta máquina está endiablada

b) (determination, willpower) voluntad f

to break somebody's will — doblegar* a alguien

to lose the will to live — perder* las ansias or las ganas de vivir

they set about their tasks with a will — se pusieron a trabajar con empeño

where there's a will, there's a way — querer es poder

c) (desire, intention) voluntad f

it was God's will — Dios así lo quiso, fue la voluntad divina

patients may come and go at will — los pacientes pueden entrar y salir a voluntad or cuando quieren or (frml) cuando les place

2) c ( testament) testamento m

last will and testament — última voluntad y testamento

English-spanish dictionary > will
4 to

1.
[before vowel tʊ, before consonant tə, stressed tuː] preposition

1) (in the direction of and reaching) zu; (with name of place) nach

go to work/to the theatre — zur Arbeit/ins Theater gehen

to Paris/France — nach Paris/Frankreich

go from town to town — von Stadt zu Stadt ziehen

throw the ball to me — wirf mir den Ball zu

2) (towards a condition or quality) zu

appoint somebody to a post — jemanden auf einen Posten berufen

3) (as far as) bis zu

from London to Edinburgh — von London [bis] nach Edinburgh

increase from 10 % to 20 % — von 10 % auf 20 % steigen

4) (next to, facing)

with one's back to the wall — mit dem Rücken zur Wand

5) (implying comparison, ratio, etc.)

[compared] to — verglichen mit; im Vergleich zu

3 is to 4 as 6 is to 8 — 3 verhält sich zu 4 wie 6 zu 8

it's ten to one he does something — die Chancen stehen zehn zu eins, dass er etwas tut

6) introducing relationship or indirect object

to somebody/something — jemandem/einer Sache (Dat.)

lend/explain etc. something to somebody — jemandem etwas leihen/erklären usw.

speak to somebody — mit jemandem sprechen

relate to something — sich auf etwas (Akk.) beziehen

to me — (in my opinion) meiner Meinung nach

secretary to the Minister — Sekretär des Ministers

a room to oneself — ein eigenes Zimmer

get four apples to the pound — vier Äpfel je Pfund bekommen

that's all there is to it — mehr ist dazu nicht zu sagen

what's that to you? — was geht das dich an?

7) (until) bis

to the end — bis zum Ende

to this day — bis heute

five [minutes] to eight — fünf [Minuten] vor acht

8) with infinitive of a verb zu; expressing purpose, or after academic.ru/75540/too">too um [...] zu

want to know — wissen wollen

do something to annoy somebody — etwas tun, um jemanden zu ärgern

too young to marry — zu jung, um zu heiraten; zu jung zum Heiraten

too hot to drink — zu heiß zum Trinken

to rebel is pointless — es ist sinnlos zu rebellieren

he woke to find himself in a strange room — er erwachte und fand sich in einem fremden Zimmer wieder

to use a technical term — um einen Fachausdruck zu gebrauchen

9) as substitute for infinitive

he would have phoned but forgot to — er hätte angerufen, aber er vergaß es

she didn't want to go there, but she had to — sie wollte nicht hingehen, aber sie musste
2.
[tuː] adverb

1) (just not shut)

be to — [Tür, Fenster:] angelehnt sein

push a door to — eine Tür anlehnen

2)

to and fro — hin und her

* * *
1. [tə,tu] preposition
1) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) zu, auf

2) (as far as: His story is a lie from beginning to end.) bis

3) (until: Did you stay to the end of the concert?) bis

4) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) zu, mit

5) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) zu, für

6) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) in

7) (used in expressing comparison or proportion: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.) gegenüber, zu

8) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.) zu

9) ([tə] used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.) zu, um zu

10) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.) zu
2. [tu:] adverb
1) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) zu

2) (used in phrasal verbs and compounds: He came to (= regained consciousness).) zu sich, dran

•

- to and fro

* * *

to

[tu:, tu, tə]

I. PREPOSITION

1. (moving towards) in + akk

, nach + dat

, zu + dat

she walked over \to the window sie ging [hinüber] zum Fenster [o ans Fenster]

we're going \to town wir gehen/fahren in die Stadt

they go \to work on the bus sie fahren mit dem Bus zur Arbeit

I'm going \to a party/concert ich gehe auf eine Party/ein Konzert

she has to go \to a meeting now sie muss jetzt zu einem Meeting [gehen]

we moved \to Germany last year wir sind letztes Jahr nach Deutschland gezogen

he flew \to the US er flog in die USA

she's never been \to Mexico before sie ist noch nie [zuvor] in Mexiko gewesen

my first visit \to Africa mein erster Aufenthalt in Afrika

this is a road \to nowhere! diese Straße führt nirgendwohin!

parallel \to the x axis parallel zur x-Achse

from here \to the station von hier [bis] zum Bahnhof

on the way \to the mountains/the sea/the town centre auf dem Weg in die Berge/zum Meer/ins [o zum] Stadtzentrum

\to the north/south nördlich/südlich

twenty miles \to the north of the city zwanzig Meilen nördlich der Stadt

the suburbs are \to the west of the city die Vororte liegen im Westen der Stadt

from place \to place von Ort zu Ort

\to the right/left nach rechts/links

there \to the right dort rechts

he's standing \to the left of Adrian er steht links neben Adrian

2. (attending regularly) zu + dat

, in + dat

she goes \to kindergarten sie geht in den Kindergarten

he goes \to university er geht auf die Universität

do you go \to church? gehst du in die Kirche?

I go \to the gym twice a week ich gehe zweimal wöchentlich zum Fitness

3. (inviting to) zu + dat

an invitation \to a wedding eine Einladung zu einer Hochzeit

I've asked them \to dinner ich habe sie zum Essen eingeladen

she took me out \to lunch yesterday sie hat mich gestern zum Mittagessen ausgeführt [o eingeladen

4. (in direction of) auf + akk

she pointed \to a distant spot on the horizon sie zeigte auf einen fernen Punkt am Horizont

to have one's back \to sth/sb etw/jdm den Rücken zudrehen

back \to front verkehrt herum

5. (in contact with) an + dat

they were dancing cheek \to cheek sie tanzten Wange an Wange

she put her hand \to his breast sie legte die Hand auf seine Brust

she clasped the letter \to her bosom sie drückte den Brief an ihre Brust

6. (attached to) an + akk

tie the lead \to the fence mach die Leine am Zaun fest

they fixed the bookshelves \to the wall sie brachten die Bücherregale an der Wand an

stick the ads \to some paper klebe die Anzeigen auf ein Blatt Papier

7. (with indirect object)

▪ \to sb/sth jdm/etw dat

I lent my bike \to my brother ich habe meinem Bruder mein Fahrrad geliehen

give that gun \to me gib mir das Gewehr

children are often cruel \to each other Kinder sind oft grausam zueinander

who's the letter addressed \to? an wen ist der Brief adressiert?

what have they done \to you? was haben sie dir [an]getan?

her knowledge proved useful \to him ihr Wissen erwies sich als hilfreich für ihn

they made a complaint \to the manager sie reichten beim Geschäftsleiter eine Beschwerde ein

a threat \to world peace eine Bedrohung des Weltfriedens [o für den Weltfrieden]

to be grateful \to sb jdm dankbar sein

to be married \to sb mit jdm verheiratet sein

to tell/show sth \to sb jdm etw erzählen/zeigen

8. (with respect to) zu + dat

and what did you say \to that? und was hast du dazu gesagt?

he finally confessed \to the crime er gestand schließlich das Verbrechen

this is essential \to our strategy dies ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil unserer Strategie

9. (in response) auf + akk

a reference \to Psalm 22:18 ein Verweis auf Psalm 22:18

her reply \to the question ihre Antwort auf die Frage

and what was her response \to that? und wie lautete ihr Antwort darauf?

10. (belonging to) zu + dat

the keys \to his car seine Autoschlüssel

the top \to this pen die Kappe, die auf diesen Stift gehört

she has a mean side \to her sie kann auch sehr gemein sein

there is a very moral tone \to this book dieses Buch hat einen sehr moralischen Unterton

there's a funny side \to everything alles hat auch seine komische Seite

11. (compared to) mit + dat

I prefer beef \to seafood ich ziehe Rindfleisch Meeresfrüchten vor

she looked about thirty \to his sixty neben ihm mit seinen sechzig Jahren wirkte sie wie dreißig

to be comparable \to sth mit etw dat vergleichbar sein

[to be] nothing \to sth nichts im Vergleich zu etw dat [sein]

her wage is nothing \to what she could earn ihr Einkommen steht in keinem Vergleich zu dem, was sie verdienen könnte

to be superior \to sb jdm übergeordnet sein, höher stehen als jd

12. (in scores) zu + dat

Paul beat me by three games \to two Paul hat im Spiel drei zu zwei gegen mich gewonnen

Manchester won three \to one Manchester hat drei zu eins gewonnen

13. (until) bis + dat

, zu + dat

I read up \to page 100 ich habe bis Seite 100 gelesen

unemployment has risen \to almost 8 million die Arbeitslosigkeit ist auf fast 8 Millionen angestiegen

count \to 20 zähle bis 20

it's about fifty miles \to New York es sind [noch] etwa fünfzig Meilen bis New York

14. (expressing change of state) zu + dat

he converted \to Islam er ist zum Islam übergetreten

his expression changed from amazement \to joy sein Ausdruck wechselte von Erstaunen zu Freude

the change \to the metric system der Wechsel zum metrischen System

her promotion \to department manager ihre Beförderung zur Abteilungsleiterin

the meat was cooked \to perfection das Fleisch war bestens zubereitet

he drank himself \to death er trank sich zu Tode

she nursed me back \to health sie hat mich [wieder] gesund gepflegt

smashed \to pieces in tausend Stücke geschlagen

she was close \to tears sie war den Tränen nahe

he was thrilled \to bits er freute sich wahnsinnig

15. (to point in time) bis + dat

the shop is open \to 8.00 p.m. der Laden hat bis 20 Uhr geöffnet

we're in this \to the end wir führen dies bis zum Ende

and \to this day... und bis auf den heutigen Tag...

it's only two weeks \to your birthday! es sind nur noch zwei Wochen bis zu deinem Geburtstag!

16. (including)

▪ from... \to... von... bis...

from beginning \to end von Anfang bis Ende

from morning \to night von morgens bis abends

front \to back von vorne bis hinten, von allen Seiten

I read the document front \to back ich habe das Dokument von vorne bis hinten gelesen

he's done everything from snowboarding \to windsurfing er hat von Snowboarden bis Windsurfen alles [mal] gemacht

from simple theft \to cold-blooded murder vom einfachen Diebstahl bis zum kaltblütigen Mord

17. BRIT (in clock times) vor, bis SÜDD

it's twenty \to six es ist zwanzig vor sechs

18. (causing) zu + dat

\to my relief/horror/astonishment zu meiner Erleichterung/meinem Entsetzen/meinem Erstaunen

much \to her surprise zu ihrer großen Überraschung

19. (according to) für + akk

\to me, it sounds like she's ending the relationship für mich hört sich das an, als ob sie die Beziehung beenden wollte

that outfit looks good \to me das Outfit gefällt mir gut

if it's acceptable \to you wenn Sie einverstanden sind

this would be \to your advantage das wäre zu deinem Vorteil, das wäre für dich von Vorteil

does this make any sense \to you? findest du das auf irgendeine Weise einleuchtend?

fifty pounds is nothing \to him fünfzig Pfund sind nichts für ihn

what's it \to you? ( fam) was geht dich das an?

20. (serving) für + akk

he works as a personal trainer \to the rich and famous er arbeitet als Personal Trainer für die Reichen und Berühmten

they are hat makers \to Her Majesty the Queen sie sind Hutmacher Ihrer Majestät, der Königin

economic adviser \to the president Wirtschaftsberater des Präsidenten

21. FILM (next to)

she was Ophelia \to Olivier's Hamlet in der Verfilmung von Olivier spielte sie neben Hamlet die Ophelia

22. (in honour of) auf + akk

here's \to you! auf dein/Ihr Wohl!

\to the cook! auf den Koch/die Köchin!

the record is dedicated \to her mother die Schallplatte ist ihrer Mutter gewidmet

I propose a toast \to the bride and groom ich bringe einen Toast auf die Braut und den Bräutigam aus

a memorial \to all the soldiers who died in Vietnam ein Denkmal für alle im Vietnamkrieg gefallenen Soldaten

23. (per)

the car gets 25 miles \to the gallon das Auto verbraucht eine Gallone auf 25 Meilen

three parts oil \to one part vinegar drei Teile Öl auf einen Teil Essig

the odds are 2 \to 1 that you'll lose die Chancen stehen 2 zu 1, dass du verlierst

24. (as a result of) von + dat

she awoke \to the sound of screaming sie wurden durch laute Schreie wach

I like exercising \to music ich trainiere gerne mit Musik

I can't dance \to this sort of music ich kann zu dieser Art Musik nicht tanzen

the band walked on stage \to rapturous applause die Band zog unter tosendem Applaus auf die Bühne

25. (roughly) bis + dat

thirty \to thirty-five people dreißig bis fünfunddreißig Leute

26. MATH (defining exponent) hoch

ten \to the power of three zehn hoch drei

27.

▶ that's all there is \to it das ist schon alles

▶ there's not much [or nothing] \to it das ist nichts Besonderes, da ist nichts Besonderes dabei

II. TO FORM INFINITIVES

1. (expressing future intention) zu

she agreed \to help sie erklärte sich bereit zu helfen

I'll have \to tell him ich werde es ihm sagen müssen

I don't expect \to be finished any later than seven ich denke, dass ich spätestens um sieben fertig sein werde

he lived \to see his first grandchild er durfte erleben, dass sein erstes Enkelkind geboren wurde

I have \to go on a business trip ich muss auf eine Geschäftsreise

the company is \to pay over £500,000 die Firma muss über 500.000 Pfund bezahlen

he's going \to write his memoirs er wird seine Memoiren schreiben

I have some things \to be fixed ich habe einige Dinge zu reparieren

Blair \to meet with Bush Blair trifft Bush

to be about \to do sth gerade etw tun wollen, im Begriff sein, etw zu tun

2. (forming requests) zu

she was told \to have the report finished by Friday sie wurde gebeten, den Bericht bis Freitag fertigzustellen

he told me \to wait er sagte mir, ich solle warten

I asked her \to give me a call ich bat sie, mich anzurufen

we asked her \to explain wir baten sie, es uns zu erklären

you've not \to do that du sollst das nicht tun

that man is not \to come here again der Mann darf dieses Haus nicht mehr betreten

young man, you're \to go to your room right now junger Mann, du gehst jetzt auf dein Zimmer

3. (expressing wish) zu

I need \to eat something first ich muss zuerst etwas essen

I'd love \to live in New York ich würde nur zu gern in New York leben

would you like \to dance? möchten Sie tanzen?

that child ought \to be in bed das Kind sollte [schon] im Bett sein

I want \to go now ich möchte jetzt gehen

I need \to go to the bathroom ich muss mal auf die Toilette

do you want \to come with us? willst du [mit uns] mitkommen?

I'd love \to go to France this summer ich würde diesen Sommer gern nach Frankreich fahren

4. (omitting verb)

are you going tonight? — I'm certainly hoping \to gehst du heute Abend? — das hoffe ich sehr

would you like to go and see the Russian clowns? — yes, I'd love \to möchtest du gern die russischen Clowns sehen? — ja, sehr gern

can you drive? — yes I'm able \to but I prefer not \to kannst du Auto fahren? — ja, das kann ich, aber ich fahre nicht gern

5. after adj (to complete meaning)

it's not likely \to happen es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass das geschieht, das wird wohl kaum geschehen

I was afraid \to tell her ich hatte Angst, es ihr zu sagen

he's able \to speak four languages er spricht vier Sprachen

she's due \to have her baby sie bekommt bald ihr Baby

I'm afraid \to fly ich habe Angst vorm Fliegen

she's happy \to see you back sie ist froh, dass du wieder zurück bist

I'm sorry \to hear that es tut mir leid, das zu hören

easy \to use leicht zu bedienen

languages are fun \to learn Sprachenlernen macht Spaß

it is interesting \to know that es ist interessant, das zu wissen

three months is too long \to wait drei Monate zu warten ist zu lang

I'm too nervous \to talk right now ich bin zu nervös, um jetzt zu sprechen

6. (expressing purpose)

I'm going there \to see my sister ich gehe dort hin, um meine Schwester zu treffen

she's gone \to pick Jean up sie ist Jean abholen gegangen

my second attempt \to make flaky pastry mein zweiter Versuch, einen Blätterteig zu machen

they have no reason \to lie sie haben keinerlei Grund zu lügen

I have the chance \to buy a house cheaply ich habe die Gelegenheit, billig ein Haus zu kaufen

something \to eat etwas zu essen

the first person \to arrive die erste Person, die ankam [o eintraf]

Armstrong was the first man \to walk on the moon Armstrong war der erste Mann, der den Mond betrat

7. (expressing intent)

we tried \to help wir versuchten zu helfen

\to make this cake, you'll need... für diesen Kuchen braucht man...

he managed \to escape es gelang ihm zu entkommen

8. (after wh- words)

I don't know what \to do ich weiß nicht, was ich tun soll

I don't know where \to begin ich weiß nicht, wo ich anfangen soll

she was wondering whether \to ask David about it sie fragte sich, ob sie David deswegen fragen sollte

can you tell me how \to get there? könne Sie mir sagen, wie ich dort hinkomme?

9. (introducing clause)

\to tell the truth [or \to be truthful] um die Wahrheit zu sagen

\to be quite truthful with you, Dave, I never really liked the man ich muss dir ehrlich sagen, Dave, ich konnte diesen Mann noch nie leiden

\to be honest um ehrlich zu sein

10. (in consecutive acts) um zu

he looked up \to greet his guests er blickte auf, um seine Gäste zu begrüßen

she reached out \to take his hand sie griff nach seiner Hand

they turned around \to find their car gone sie drehten sich um und bemerkten, dass ihr Auto verschwunden war

III. ADVERB

inv zu

to push [or pull] the door \to die Tür zuschlagen

to come \to zu sich dat kommen

to set \to sich akk daranmachen fam

they set \to with a will, determined to finish the job sie machten sich mit Nachdruck daran, entschlossen, die Arbeit zu Ende zu bringen

* * *
[tuː]
1. PREPOSITION

1) = in direction of, towards zu

to go to the station — zum Bahnhof gehen

to go to the doctor( 's)/greengrocer's etc — zum Arzt/Gemüsehändler etc gehen

to go to the opera/concert etc — in die Oper/ins Konzert etc gehen

to go to France/London — nach Frankreich/London fahren

to go to Switzerland —

to go to school to go to bed — zur Schule or in die Schule gehen ins or zu Bett gehen

to the left — nach links

to the west — nach Westen

he came up to where I was standing —

to fall to the ground — auf den Boden or zu Boden fallen

to turn a picture/one's face to the wall — ein Bild/sich mit dem Gesicht zur Wand drehen

hold it up to the light — halte es gegen das Licht

2) = as far as, until bis

to count (up) to 20 —

there were (from) 40 to 60 people — es waren 40 bis 60 Leute da

it's 90 kms to Paris — nach Paris sind es 90 km

it's correct to a millimetre — es stimmt bis auf den Millimeter

8 years ago to the day — auf den Tag genau vor 8 Jahren

to this day — bis auf den heutigen Tag

they perished to a man — sie kamen alle bis auf den letzten Mann ums Leben

3) = in in (+dat)

I have never been to Brussels/India — ich war noch nie in Brüssel/Indien

4)

= secure to he nailed it to the wall/floor etc — er nagelte es an die Wand/auf den Boden etc

they tied him to the tree —

they held him to the ground — sie hielten ihn am Boden

5)

with indirect object to give sth to sb — jdm etw geben

a present from me to you —

who did you give it to? — wem haben Sie es gegeben?

I said to myself... — ich habe mir gesagt...

he was muttering/singing to himself — er murmelte/sang vor sich hin

what is it to you? — was geht dich das an?

he is kind to everyone — er ist zu allen freundlich

it's a great help to me — das ist eine große Hilfe für mich

he has been a good friend to us — er war uns (dat)

"To... " (on envelope etc) to pray to God — "An (+acc)..." zu Gott beten

6) in toasts auf (+acc)

to drink to sb — jdm zutrinken

to drink to sb's health — auf jds Wohl (acc) trinken

7)

= next to with position bumper to bumper — Stoßstange an Stoßstange

close to sb/sth — nahe bei jdm/etw

at right angles to the wall —

parallel to the wall — parallel zur Wand

to the west (of)/the left (of) — westlich/links (von)

8) with expressions of time vor

20 ( minutes) to 2 — 20 (Minuten) vor 2

at (a) quarter to 2 — um Viertel vor 2

25 to 3 — 5 (Minuten) nach halb 3

it was five to when we arrived — es war fünf vor, als wir ankamen

9) = in relation to zu

A is to B as C is to D —

by a majority of 10 to 7 — mit einer Mehrheit von 10 zu 7

they won by 4 goals to 2 — sie haben mit 4:2 (spoken: vier zu zwei) Toren gewonnen

10) = per pro; (in recipes, when mixing) auf (+acc)

one person to a room — eine Person pro Zimmer

11) MATH

3 to the 4th, 3 to the power of 4 — 3 hoch 4

12)

= concerning what do you say to the idea? — was hältst du von der Idee?

what would you say to a beer? — was hältst du von einem Bier?

that's all there is to it — das ist alles

to repairing television £30 (Comm) — (für) Reparatur eines Fernsehers £ 30

13)

= according to to the best of my knowledge — nach bestem Wissen

it's not to my taste — das ist nicht nach meinem Geschmack

14)

= accompanied by to sing to the guitar —

to sing sth to the tune of... — etw nach der Melodie von... singen

to dance to a tune/a band — zu einer Melodie/den Klängen or der Musik eines Orchesters tanzen

15)

= of ambassador to America/the King of France — Botschafter in Amerika/am Hofe des Königs von Frankreich

secretary to the director — Sekretärin des Direktors

16)

= producing to everyone's surprise — zu jedermanns Überraschung

17)

infinitive to begin to do sth — anfangen, etw zu tun

he decided to come — er beschloss zu kommen

I want to do it — ich will es tun

I want him to do it — ich will, dass er es tut

18)

conditional use of infinitive to see him now, one would never think... — wenn man ihn jetzt sieht, würde man nicht glauben,...

19)

infinitive expressing purpose, result to eat/work to live —

I did it to help you — ich tat es, um dir zu helfen

to get to the point,... — um zur Sache zu kommen,...

well, not to exaggerate... — ohne zu übertreiben,...

I arrived to find she had gone — als ich ankam, war sie weg

never to be found again — und wurde nie wiedergefunden

20)

omitting verb I don't want to — ich will nicht

I'll try to — ich werde es versuchen

you have to — du musst

I'd love to — sehr gerne

we didn't want to but we were forced to — wir wollten nicht, aber wir waren dazu gezwungen

I intended to (do it), but I forgot (to) — ich wollte es tun, aber ich habe es vergessen

buy it, it would be silly not to — kaufe es, es wäre dumm, es nicht zu tun

he often does things one doesn't expect him to — er macht oft Dinge, die man nicht von ihm erwartet

21)

set structures __diams; noun/pronoun + to + infinitive he is not the sort to do that — er ist nicht der Typ, der das täte, er ist nicht der Typ dazu

I have done nothing to deserve this — ich habe nichts getan, womit ich das verdient hätte

there's no-one to help us — es ist niemand da, der uns helfen könnte

who is he to order you around? — wer ist er denn, dass er dich so herumkommandiert?

he was the first to arrive — er kam als Erster an, er war der Erste, der ankam

who was the last to see her? —

there is much to be done — es gibt viel zu tun

what is there to do here? —

now is the time to do it — jetzt ist die (beste) Zeit, es zu tun

the book is still to be written — das Buch muss noch geschrieben werden

are you ready to go at last? — bist du endlich fertig?

it's hard to understand — es ist schwer zu verstehen

it's impossible to believe — das kann man einfach nicht glauben

you are foolish to try it — du bist dumm, das überhaupt zu versuchen

is it good to eat? —

it's too heavy to lift too young to marry — es ist zu schwer zum Heben zu jung zum Heiraten

he's too old to be still in short trousers — er ist schon so alt und trägt noch kurze Hosen

2. ADJECTIVE
door (= ajar) angelehnt; (= shut) zu
3. ADVERB

to and fro — hin und her; walk auf und ab

* * *

to

A präp [tuː; tʊ; tə]

1. (Grundbedeutung) zu

2. (Richtung und Ziel, räumlich) zu, nach, an (akk), in (akk), auf (akk):

go to London nach London fahren;

from east to west von Osten nach Westen;

throw sth to the ground etwas auf den oder zu Boden werfen

3. in (dat):

have you ever been to London?

4. (Richtung, Ziel, Zweck) zu, auf (akk), an (akk), in (akk), für, gegen:

play to a large audience vor einem großen Publikum spielen; → duty A 1 a, invite A 1, pray B 2, etc

5. (Zugehörigkeit) zu, in (akk), für, auf (akk):

that is all there is to it das ist alles;

a cap with a tassel to it eine Mütze mit einer Troddel (daran);

a key to the case ein Schlüssel für den oder zum Koffer;

a room to myself ein Zimmer für mich (allein); → assistant B 1, end C 7, moral B 1, secretary 1, etc

6. (Übereinstimmung, Gemäßheit) nach, für, gemäß: → astonishment, etc

7. (im Verhältnis oder Vergleich) zu, gegen, gegenüber, auf (akk), mit:

the score is three to one (3-1) das Spiel oder es steht drei zu eins (3:1);

two is to four as four is to eight zwei verhält sich zu vier wie vier zu acht

8. (Ausmaß, Grenze, Grad) bis, (bis) zu, (bis) an (akk), auf (akk), in (dat):

to the clouds bis an die Wolken;

ten feet to the ground zehn Fuß bis zum Boden; → craziness

9. (zeitliche Ausdehnung oder Grenze) bis, bis zu, bis gegen, auf (akk), vor (dat):

from three to four von drei bis vier (Uhr);

it’s ten to five es ist zehn vor fünf

10. (Begleitung) zu, nach:

sing to a guitar zu einer Gitarre singen;

they danced to a tune sie tanzten nach einer Melodie; → dance A 1

11. zur Bildung des Dativs:

a) betont:

he gave the book to me, not to you! er gab das Buch mir, nicht Ihnen!

b) unbetont:

she was a good mother to him sie war ihm eine gute Mutter

B partikel [tʊ; tə]

1. zur Bezeichnung des Infinitivs:

to go gehen;

easy to understand leicht zu verstehen;

she was heard to cry man hörte sie weinen

2. (Zweck, Absicht) um zu, zu:

he only does it to earn money er tut es nur, um Geld zu verdienen

3. zur Verkürzung des Nebensatzes:

I weep to think of it ich weine, wenn ich daran denke;

he was the first to arrive er kam als Erster;

to hear him talk wenn man ihn (so) reden hört; → honest A 1 b

4. zur Bezeichnung eines Grundes:

why blame you me to love you? obs oder poet was tadelst du mich, weil ich dich liebe?

5. zur Andeutung eines aus dem Vorhergehenden zu ergänzenden Infinitivs:

I don’t go because I don’t want to ich gehe nicht, weil ich nicht (gehen) will

C adv [tuː]

1. a) zu, geschlossen:

pull the door to die Türe zuziehen

b) angelehnt:

leave the door to

2. (wieder) zu Bewusstsein oder zu sich: → bring to A 1, come to 1

3. SCHIFF nahe am Wind:

keep her to!

4. to and fro

a) hin und her,

b) auf und ab

* * *
1.
[before vowel tʊ, before consonant tə, stressed tuː] preposition

1) (in the direction of and reaching) zu; (with name of place) nach

go to work/to the theatre — zur Arbeit/ins Theater gehen

to Paris/France — nach Paris/Frankreich

go from town to town — von Stadt zu Stadt ziehen

throw the ball to me — wirf mir den Ball zu

2) (towards a condition or quality) zu

appoint somebody to a post — jemanden auf einen Posten berufen

3) (as far as) bis zu

from London to Edinburgh — von London [bis] nach Edinburgh

increase from 10 % to 20 % — von 10 % auf 20 % steigen

4) (next to, facing)

with one's back to the wall — mit dem Rücken zur Wand

5) (implying comparison, ratio, etc.)

[compared] to — verglichen mit; im Vergleich zu

3 is to 4 as 6 is to 8 — 3 verhält sich zu 4 wie 6 zu 8

it's ten to one he does something — die Chancen stehen zehn zu eins, dass er etwas tut

6) introducing relationship or indirect object

to somebody/something — jemandem/einer Sache (Dat.)

lend/explain etc. something to somebody — jemandem etwas leihen/erklären usw.

speak to somebody — mit jemandem sprechen

relate to something — sich auf etwas (Akk.) beziehen

to me — (in my opinion) meiner Meinung nach

secretary to the Minister — Sekretär des Ministers

a room to oneself — ein eigenes Zimmer

get four apples to the pound — vier Äpfel je Pfund bekommen

that's all there is to it — mehr ist dazu nicht zu sagen

what's that to you? — was geht das dich an?

7) (until) bis

to the end — bis zum Ende

to this day — bis heute

five [minutes] to eight — fünf [Minuten] vor acht

8) with infinitive of a verb zu; expressing purpose, or after too um [...] zu

want to know — wissen wollen

do something to annoy somebody — etwas tun, um jemanden zu ärgern

too young to marry — zu jung, um zu heiraten; zu jung zum Heiraten

too hot to drink — zu heiß zum Trinken

to rebel is pointless — es ist sinnlos zu rebellieren

he woke to find himself in a strange room — er erwachte und fand sich in einem fremden Zimmer wieder

to use a technical term — um einen Fachausdruck zu gebrauchen

9) as substitute for infinitive

he would have phoned but forgot to — er hätte angerufen, aber er vergaß es

she didn't want to go there, but she had to — sie wollte nicht hingehen, aber sie musste
2.
[tuː] adverb

1) (just not shut)

be to — [Tür, Fenster:] angelehnt sein

push a door to — eine Tür anlehnen

2)

to and fro — hin und her

English-german dictionary > to
5 to

[tu:, tu, tə] prep

1) ( moving towards) in +akk, nach +dat, zu +dat;

she walked over \to the window sie ging [hinüber] zum Fenster [o ans Fenster];

\to the right/ left nach rechts/links;

there \to the right dort rechts;

he's standing \to the left of Adrian er steht links neben Adrian;

\to the north/ south nördlich/südlich;

twenty miles \to the north of the city zwanzig Meilen nördlich der Stadt;

the suburbs are \to the west of the city die Vororte liegen im Westen der Stadt;

parallel \to the x axis parallel zur x-Achse;

we're going \to town wir gehen/fahren in die Stadt;

\to the mountains in die Berge;

\to the sea ans Meer;

\to the park in den Park;

from here \to the station von hier [bis] zum Bahnhof;

the way \to the town centre der Weg ins Stadtzentrum;

they go \to work on the bus sie fahren mit dem Bus zur Arbeit;

I'm going \to a party/ concert ich gehe auf eine Party/ein Konzert;

she has to go \to a meeting now sie muss jetzt zu einem Meeting [gehen];

we moved \to Germany last year wir sind letztes Jahr nach Deutschland gezogen;

he flew \to the US er flog in die USA;

she's never been \to Mexico before sie ist noch nie [zuvor] in Mexiko gewesen;

my first visit \to Africa mein erster Aufenthalt in Afrika;

this is a road \to nowhere! diese Straße führt nirgendwohin!

2) ( attending regularly) zu +dat, in +dat;

she goes \to kindergarten sie geht in den Kindergarten;

he goes \to college er geht zur Hochschule [o studiert an der Hochschule];

do you go \to church? gehst du in die Kirche?;

I go \to the gym twice a week ich gehe zweimal wöchentlich in die Turnhalle

3) ( inviting to) zu +dat;

an invitation \to a wedding eine Einladung zu einer Hochzeit;

I've asked them \to dinner ich habe sie zum Essen eingeladen;

she took me out \to lunch yesterday sie hat mich gestern zum Abendessen ausgeführt [o eingeladen];

4) ( in direction of) auf +akk;

she pointed \to a distant spot on the horizon sie zeigte auf einen fernen Punkt am Horizont;

to have one's back \to sth/sb etw/jdm den Rücken zudrehen;

back \to front verkehrt herum

5) ( in contact with) an +dat;

they were dancing cheek \to cheek sie tanzten Wange an Wange;

she put her hand \to his breast sie legte die Hand auf seine Brust;

she clasped the letter \to her bosom sie drückte den Brief an ihren Busen

6) ( attached to) an +akk;

tie the lead \to the fence mache die Leine am Zaun fest;

they fixed the bookshelves \to the wall sie brachten die Bücherregale an der Wand an;

stick the ads \to some paper klebe die Anzeigen auf ein Blatt Papier

7) ( with indirect object) mit +dat;

I lent my bike \to my brother ich habe meinem Bruder mein Fahrrad geliehen;

give that gun \to me gib mir das Gewehr;

he is married \to his cousin Emma er ist mit seiner Kusine Emma verheiratet;

I told that \to Glyn ich habe das Glyn erzählt;

you should show that rash \to the doctor du solltest den Ausschlag dem Arzt zeigen;

what have they done \to you? was haben sie dir [an]getan?;

children are often cruel \to each other Kinder sind oft grausam zueinander;

who's the letter addressed \to? an wen ist der Brief gerichtet [o adressiert] ?;

her knowledge proved useful \to him ihr Wissen erwies sich als hilfreich für ihn;

I am deeply grateful \to my parents ich bin meinen Eltern zutiefst dankbar;

a threat \to world peace eine Bedrohung des Weltfriedens [o für den Weltfrieden];

they made a complaint \to the manager sie reichten beim Geschäftsleiter eine Beschwerde ein

8) ( with respect to) zu +dat;

and what did you say \to that? und was hast du dazu gesagt?;

he finally confessed \to the crime er gestand schließlich das Verbrechen;

this is essential \to our strategy dies ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil unserer Strategie;

( in response) auf +akk;

a reference \to Psalm 22:18 ein Verweis auf Psalm 22:18;

her reply \to the question ihre Antwort auf die Frage;

and what was her response \to that? und wie lautete ihr Antwort darauf?

9) ( belonging to) zu +dat;

the keys \to his car seine Autoschlüssel;

the top \to this pen die Kappe zu diesem Stift;

she has a mean side \to her sie kann auch sehr gemein sein;

there is a very moral tone \to this book dieses Buch hat einen sehr moralischer Ton;

there's a funny side \to everything alles hat auch seine komische Seite

10) ( compared to) mit +dat;

I prefer beef \to seafood ich ziehe Rindfleisch Meeresfrüchten vor;

frogs' legs are comparable \to chicken Froschschenkel sind mit Hühnerfleisch vergleichbar;

a colonel is superior \to a sergeant ein Oberst ist ein höherer Dienstgrad als ein Unteroffizier;

she looked about thirty \to his sixty gegenüber seinen sechzig Jahren wirkte sie wie dreißig;

[to be] nothing \to sth nichts im Vergleich zu etw dat [sein];

her wage is nothing \to what she could earn ihr Einkommen steht in keinem Vergleich zu dem, was sie verdienen könnte

11) ( in scores) zu +dat;

Paul beat me by three games \to two Paul hat im Spiel drei zu zwei gegen mich gewonnen;

Manchester won three \to to one Manchester hat drei zu eins gewonnen

12) ( until) bis +dat, zu +dat;

I read up \to page 100 ich habe bis Seite 100 gelesen;

unemployment has risen \to almost 8 million die Arbeitslosigkeit ist auf fast 8 Millionen angestiegen;

count \to 20 bis 20 zählen;

it's about fifty miles \to New York es sind [noch] etwa fünfzig Meilen bis New York

13) ( expressing change of state) zu +dat;

he converted \to Islam er ist zum Islam übergetreten;

his expression changed from amazement \to joy sein Ausdruck wechselte von Erstaunen zu Freude;

the change \to the metric system der Wechsel zum metrischen System;

her promotion \to department manager ihre Beförderung zur Abteilungsleiterin;

the meat was cooked \to perfection das Fleisch war perfekt zubereitet [worden];

he drank himself \to death er trank sich zu Tode;

she nursed me back \to health sie hat mich [wieder] gesund gepflegt;

smashed \to pieces in tausend Stücke geschlagen;

she was close \to tears sie war den Tränen nahe;

he was thrilled \to bits er freute sich wahnsinnig

14) ( to point in time) bis +dat;

the shop is open \to 8.00 p.m. der Laden hat bis 20 Uhr geöffnet;

we're in this \to the end wir führen dies bis zum Ende;

and \to this day... und bis auf den heutigen Tag...;

it's only two weeks \to your birthday! es sind nur noch zwei Wochen bis zu deinem Geburtstag!

15) ( including)

from... \to... von... bis...;

from beginning \to end von Anfang bis Ende;

from morning \to night von Kopf bis Fuß;

front \to back von vorne bis hinten, von allen Seiten;

I read the document front \to back ich habe das Dokument von vorne bis hinten gelesen;

he's done everything from snowboarding \to windsurfing er hat von Snowboarden bis Windsurfen alles [mal] gemacht;

from simple theft \to cold-blooded murder vom einfachen Diebstahl bis zum kaltblütigen Mord

16) ( Brit) ( in clock times) vor +dat in Southern Germany bis +dat;

it's twenty \to six es ist zwanzig vor sechs

17) ( causing) zu +dat;

\to my relief/ horror/ astonishment zu meiner Erleichterung/meinem Entsetzen/meinem Erstaunen;

much \to her surprise zu ihrer großen Überraschung

18) ( according to) für +akk;

\to me, it sounds like he's ending the relationship für mich hört sich das an, als ob er die Beziehung beenden wollte;

that outfit looks good \to me das Outfit gefällt mir gut;

if it's acceptable \to you wenn Sie einverstanden sind;

this would be \to your advantage das wäre zu deinem Vorteil, das wäre für dich von Vorteil;

does this make any sense \to you? findest du das auf irgendeine Weise einleuchtend?;

fifty pounds is nothing \to him fünfzig Pfund bedeuten ihm nichts;

what's it \to you? ( fam) was geht dich das an?

19) ( serving) für +akk;

as a personal trainer \to the rich and famous als persönlicher Trainer der Reichen und Berühmten;

they are hat makers \to Her Majesty the Queen sie sind Hutmacher Ihrer Majestät, der Königin;

economic adviser \to the president Wirtschaftsberater des Präsidenten; film ( next to)

she was Ophelia \to Olivier's Hamlet sie spielte die Ophelia neben Oliviers Hamlet

20) ( in honour of) auf +akk;

here's \to you! auf dein/Ihr Wohl!;

\to the cook! auf den Koch/die Köchin!;

the record is dedicated \to her mother die Schallplatte ist ihrer Mutter gewidmet;

I propose a toast \to the bride and groom ich bringe einen Toast auf die Braut und den Bräutigam aus;

a memorial \to all the soldiers who died in Vietnam ein Denkmal für alle im Vietnamkrieg gefallenen Soldaten

21) ( per)

the car gets 25 miles \to the gallon das Auto verbraucht eine Gallone auf 25 Meilen;

three parts oil \to one part vinegar drei Teile Öl auf einen Teil Essig;

the odds are 2 \to 1 that you'll lose die Chancen stehen 2 zu 1, dass du verlierst

22) ( as a result of) von +dat;

she awoke \to the sound of screaming sie erwachte von lautem Geschrei;

he left the stage \to the sound of booing er ging unter den Buhrufen von der Bühne;

I like exercising \to music ich trainiere gern zu [o mit] Musik;

I can't dance \to this sort of music ich kann zu dieser Art Musik nicht tanzen;

the band walked on stage \to rapturous applause die Band zog unter tosendem Applaus auf die Bühne

23) ( roughly) bis +dat;

thirty \to thirty-five people dreißig bis fünfunddreißig Leute

24) math ( defining exponent) hoch;

ten \to the power of three zehn hoch drei

PHRASES:

that's all there is \to it das ist schon alles;

there's not much [or nothing] \to it das ist nichts Besonderes, da ist nichts Besonderes dabei in forming infinitives

1) ( expressing future intention) zu;

she agreed \to help sie erklärte sich bereit zu helfen;

I'll have \to tell him ich werde es ihm sagen müssen;

I don't expect \to be finished any later than seven ich denke, dass ich spätestens um sieben fertig sein werde;

sadly she didn't live \to see her grandchildren leider war es ihr nicht vergönnt, ihre Enkel noch zu erleben;

I have \to go on a business trip ich muss auf eine Geschäftsreise;

the company is \to pay over £500,000 die Firma muss über £500.000 bezahlen;

he's going \to write his memoirs er wird seine Memoiren schreiben;

I have some things \to be fixed ich habe einige Dinge zu reparieren;

Blair \to meet with Putin Blair trifft Putin;

be about \to do sth gerade etw tun wollen, im Begriff sein etw zu tun

2) ( forming requests) zu;

she was told \to have the report finished by Friday sie wurde gebeten, den Bericht bis Freitag fertig zu stellen;

he told me \to wait er sagte mir, ich solle warten;

I asked her \to give me a call ich bat sie, mich anzurufen;

we asked her \to explain wir baten sie, es uns zu erklären;

you've not \to do that du sollst das nicht tun;

that man is not \to come here again der Mann darf dieses Haus nicht mehr betreten;

young man, you're \to go to your room right now junger Mann, du gehst jetzt auf dein Zimmer

3) ( expressing wish) zu;

I need \to eat something first ich muss zuerst etwas essen;

I'd love \to live in New York ich würde liebend [o nur zu] gern in New York leben;

would you like \to dance? möchten Sie tanzen?;

that child ought \to be in bed das Kind sollte [schon] im Bett sein;

I want \to go now ich möchte jetzt gehen;

I need \to go to the bathroom ich muss noch einmal zur [o auf die] Toilette;

do you want \to come with us? willst du [mit uns] mitkommen?;

I'd love \to go to France this summer ich würde diesen Sommer gern nach Frankreich fahren

4) ( omitting verb)

are you going tonight? - I'm certainly hoping \to gehst du heute Abend? - das hoffe ich sehr;

would you like to go and see the Russian clowns? - yes, I'd love \to möchtest du gern die russischen Clowns sehen? - ja, sehr gern;

can you drive? - yes I'm able \to but I prefer not \to kannst du Auto fahren? - ja, das kann ich, aber ich fahre nicht gern

5) after adj ( to complete meaning)

it's not likely \to happen es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass das geschieht, das wird wohl kaum geschehen;

I was afraid \to tell her ich hatte Angst, es ihr zu sagen;

he's able \to speak four languages er spricht vier Sprachen;

she's due \to have her baby sie soll bald ihr Baby bekommen;

I'm afraid \to fly ich habe Angst vorm Fliegen;

she's happy \to see you back sie ist froh, dass du wieder zurück bist;

I'm sorry \to hear that es ist tut mir leid, das zu hören;

easy \to use leicht zu bedienen;

languages are fun \to learn Sprachenlernen macht Spaß;

it is interesting \to know that es ist interessant, das zu wissen;

three months is too long \to wait drei Monate zu warten ist zu lang;

I'm too nervous \to talk right now ich bin zu nervös, um jetzt zu sprechen

6) ( expressing purpose)

I'm going there \to see my sister ich gehe dort hin, um meine Schwester zu treffen;

she's gone \to pick Jean up sie ist Jean abholen gegangen;

my second attempt \to make flaky pastry mein zweiter Versuch, einen Blätterteig zu machen;

they have no reason \to lie sie haben keinerlei Grund zu lügen;

I have the chance \to buy a house cheaply ich habe die Gelegenheit, billig ein Haus zu kaufen;

something \to eat etwas zu essen;

the first person \to arrive die erste Person, die ankam [o eintraf];

Armstrong was the first man \to walk on the moon Armstrong war der erste Mann, der je den Mond betrat

7) ( expressing intent)

we tried \to help wir versuchten zu helfen;

\to make this cake, you'll need... für diesen Kuchen braucht man...;

he managed \to escape es gelang ihm zu entkommen

8) ( after wh- words)

I don't know what \to do ich weiß nicht, was ich tun soll;

I don't know where \to begin ich weiß nicht, wo ich anfangen soll;

she was wondering whether \to ask David about it sie fragte sich, ob sie David deswegen fragen sollte;

can you tell me how \to get there? könne Sie mir sagen, wie ich dort hinkomme?

9) ( introducing clause)

\to tell the truth [or \to be truthful] um die Wahrheit zu sagen;

\to be quite truthful with you, Dave, I never really liked the man ich muss dir ehrlich sagen, Dave, ich konnte diesen Mann noch nie leiden;

\to be honest um ehrlich zu sein

10) ( in consecutive acts) um zu;

he looked up \to greet his guests er blickte auf, um seine Gäste zu begrüßen;

she reached out \to take his hand sie griff nach seiner Hand;

they turned around \to find their car gone sie drehten sich um und bemerkten, dass ihr Auto verschwunden war adv

inv zu;

to push [or pull] the door \to die Tür zuschlagen;

to come \to zu sich dat kommen;

to set \to sich akk daranmachen ( fam)

they set \to with a will, determined to finish the job sie machten sich mit Nachdruck daran, entschlossen, die Arbeit zu Ende zu bringen

English-German students dictionary > to
6 now

now [naʊ]

1. adverb

a. ( = at this time) maintenant ; ( = these days, at the moment) actuellement ; ( = at that time) alors

• now I'm ready je suis prêt maintenant

• the couple, who now have three children... ce couple, qui a maintenant trois enfants...

• they won't be long now ils ne vont plus tarder

• what are you doing now? qu'est-ce que tu fais en ce moment ?

• he now understood why she had left him il comprit alors pourquoi elle l'avait quitté

• now is the time to do it c'est le moment de le faire

• I'll do it right now je vais le faire tout de suite

• I am doing it now je suis en train de le faire

• now for the question of your expenses et maintenant pour ce qui est de vos frais

• it's now or never! c'est le moment ou jamais !

• between now and next Tuesday d'ici à mardi prochain

► before now

• you should have done that before now ça devrait déjà être fait

• before now people thought that... auparavant on pensait que...

• you should have finished long before now il y a longtemps que ça devrait être fini

• long before now it was realized that... il y a longtemps déjà, on comprenait que...► by now

• they should have arrived by now ils devraient être déjà arrivés

• by now it was clear that... dès lors, il était évident que...► even now

• even now there's time to change your mind vous pouvez encore changer d'avis

• even now he doesn't believe me il ne me croit toujours pas

• people do that even now les gens font ça encore aujourd'hui► (every) now and again, (every) now and then de temps en temps

► for now

• that will do for now ça ira pour le moment► from now

• three weeks from now dans trois semaines

• from now until then d'ici là► from now on (with present and future tense) à partir de maintenant ; (with past tense) dès lors

► till or until or up to now ( = till this moment) jusqu'à présent ; ( = till that moment) jusque-là

b. (without reference to time) now! bon !

• now, now! allons, allons !

• now, Simon! (warning) allons, Simon !

• come now! allons !

• well, now! eh bien !

• now then, let's start! bon, commençons !

• now then, what's all this? alors, qu'est-ce que c'est que ça ?

• now, they had been looking for him all morning or ils avaient passé toute la matinée à sa recherche

• now do be quiet for a minute bon, ça suffit !

2. conjunction

maintenant que

• now that you've seen him maintenant que vous l'avez vu

* * *
[naʊ] 1.
conjunction

now (that) — maintenant que
2.
adverb

1) ( at the present moment) maintenant

I'm doing it now — je suis en train de le faire

now is the best time to do — c'est le meilleur moment pour faire

right now — tout de suite

it's a week now since she left — cela fait une semaine (maintenant) qu'elle est partie

any time ou moment now — d'un moment à l'autre

I'll be more careful now — je serai plus prudent dorénavant

now fast, now slowly — tantôt vite, tantôt lentement

(every) now and then ou again — de temps en temps

now for the next question — passons à la question suivante

2) ( with preposition)

you should have phoned him before now — tu aurais dû lui téléphoner avant

before ou until now — jusqu'à présent

he should be finished by now — il devrait avoir déjà fini

between now and next Friday — d'ici vendredi prochain

between now and then — d'ici là

from now on(wards) — dorénavant

that's enough for now — ça suffit pour le moment

good-bye for now — à bientôt

3) ( in the past)

it was now 4 pm — il était alors 16 heures

by now it was too late — à ce moment-là, il était trop tard

4) ( without temporal force)

now there's a man I can trust! — ah! voilà un homme en qui on peut avoir confiance!

now Paul would never do a thing like that — Paul, lui, ne ferait jamais une chose pareille

careful now! — attention!

now let's see — voyons donc

now! now! —

come now! — allons!

there now, what did I tell you? — eh bien, qu'est-ce que je t'avais dit?

now then, let's get down to work — bon, reprenons le travail

English-French dictionary > now
7 through

Ɵru:
1. preposition
1) (into from one direction and out of in the other: The water flows through a pipe.) a través de

2) (from side to side or end to end of: He walked (right) through the town.) a través de

3) (from the beginning to the end of: She read through the magazine.) de cabo a rabo, de principio a fin, entero

4) (because of: He lost his job through his own stupidity.) por, a causa de

5) (by way of: He got the job through a friend.) a través de, gracias a

6) ((American) from... to (inclusive): I work Monday through Friday.) de... a

2. adverb
(into and out of; from one side or end to the other; from beginning to end: He went straight/right through.) de un lado a otro

3. adjective
1) ((of a bus or train) that goes all the way to one's destination, so that one doesn't have to change (buses or trains): There isn't a through train - you'll have to change.) directo

2) (finished: Are you through yet?) listo, (haber) acabado con algo

•

- throughout

4. adverb
(in every part: The house was furnished throughout.) enteramente, por completo

- all through
- soaked
- wet through
- through and through
- through with

through prep por / a través de

she walked through the wood paseó por el bosque

the prisoner escaped through a window el preso se escapó por una ventana

the bullet went through the wall la bala atravesó la pared

through

tr[ɵrʊː]

preposition

1 por, a través de

■ I climbed in through a window entré por una ventana

■ we drove right through France condujimos por toda Francia

■ you have to go through Customs hay que pasar por la aduana

2 (because of) por, a causa de

■ off work through illness de baja por enfermedad

3 (from beginning to the end) durante todo,-a, hasta el final de

■ we danced through the night bailamos durante toda la noche

■ my mother looked after me through my illness mi madre me cuidó durante toda la enfermedad

■ he read through the book leyó todo el libro

■ I'd never have got through this crisis without you nunca hubiera superado esta crisis sin ti

4 (by means of) por, a través de, mediante

■ he got the job through a friend consiguió el trabajo a través de un amigo

adverb

1 de un lado a otro

■ he let me through me dejó pasar

■ we drove through a red light pasamos un semáforo en rojo

2 (to the end) hasta el final

■ he read the book through leyó todo el libro

■ we slept right through dormimos de un tirón

3 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (on phone) conectado,-a

■ can you put me through to Helen James? ¿me puede poner con Helen James?

■ I rang several times, but I couldn't get through llamé varias veces, pero estaba comunicando

4 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL terminado,-a, acabado,-a

■ are you through? ¿has acabado?

■ we'll be through at lunchtime terminaremos a la hora de comer

adjective

1 (train) directo,-a; (traffic) de paso

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be through with something/somebody haber acabado con algo/alguien

through and through hasta la médula, a ultranza

no through road calle nombre femenino sin salida

through ['ɵru:] adv

1) : a través, de un lado a otro

let them through: déjenlos pasar

2) : de principio a fin

she read the book through: leyó el libro de principio a fin

3) completely: completamente

soaked through: completamente empapado

through adj

1) direct: directo

a through train: un tren directo

2) finished: terminado, acabado

we're through: hemos terminado

through prep

1) : a través de, por

through the door: por la puerta

a road through the woods: un camino que atraviesa el bosque

2) between: entre

a path through the trees: un sendero entre los árboles

3) because of: a causa de, como consecuencia de

4) (in expressions of time)

through the night: durante la noche

to go through an experience: pasar por una experiencia

5) : a, hasta

from Monday through Friday: de lunes a viernes

through (Finished)

adj.

• acabado, -a adj.

adj.

• directo, -a adj.

• sin paradas adj.

• terminado, -a adj.

adv.

• a través adv.

• de un lado a otro adv.

• por medio de adv.

prep.

• a través de prep.

• atravéz prep.

• mediante prep.

• por prep.

I θruː
preposition

1)

a) ( from one side to the other) por

it went right through the wall — atravesó la pared de lado a lado

to hear/feel something through something — oír*/sentir* algo a través de algo

he was shot through the head — le pegaron un balazo en la cabeza

the truck crashed through the barrier — el camión se llevó la barrera por delante

they struggled on through the crowd — siguieron abriéndose paso entre la multitud

he spoke through clenched teeth — habló entre dientes

we drove through Munich — atravesamos Munich ( en coche)

she glanced through the magazine — hojeó la revista

I worked my way through the textbook — me leí el texto de punta a punta

b) (past, beyond)

to be through something — haber* pasado algo

we're through the preliminary stages already — ya hemos pasado las fases iniciales

2)

a) ( in time)

we worked through the night — trabajamos durante toda la noche

half-way through his speech — en medio de su discurso, cuando iba (or vaya etc) por la mitad del discurso

after everything we've been through together — después de todo lo que hemos pasado juntos

through the centuries — a través de los siglos

b) ( until and including) (AmE)

Tuesday through Thursday — de martes a jueves

offer good through May 31 — oferta válida hasta el 31 de mayo

October through December — desde octubre hasta diciembre inclusive

3) (by)

she spoke through an interpreter — habló a través de un intérprete

I heard about it through a friend — me enteré a través de or por un amigo

through his help — gracias a su ayuda or mediante su ayuda

through no fault of her own — sin tener culpa alguna

II

adverb

1) ( from one side to the other)

the train sped through without stopping — el tren pasó a toda velocidad sin parar

he barged through — pasó dando empujones

the red paint shows through — se nota la pintura roja que hay debajo; see also get, pull, put through

2) ( in time)

all night through — durante toda la noche

we worked through without a break — trabajamos sin parar para descansar

3)

a) ( completely)

wet/soaked through — mojado/calado hasta los huesos

b)

through and through: he's a soldier through and through — es militar hasta la médula

III

adjective

1) ( Transp) (before n) <train/route> directo

through traffic — tráfico m de paso

no through road — calle sin salida

2) ( finished) (colloq) (pred)

aren't you through yet? — ¿no has terminado aún?

as a journalist, you're through — como periodista, estás acabado

to be through with somebody/something — haber* terminado con alguien/algo

to be through (with) -ing: I'm through trying to be nice to you — no pienso seguir tratando de ser amable contigo

3) (BrE Telec)

you're through! — hable!

we're through to Madrid — nos han conectado con Madrid

[θruː] When through is an element in a phrasal verb, eg break through, fall through, look up the verb.
1. PREP

1) (place) por

to look through a telescope — mirar por un telescopio

to walk through the woods — pasear por el bosque

he shot her through the head — le pegó un tiro en la cabeza

• I saw him through the crowd — lo vi entre la multitud

• to go through sth, to go through a tunnel — atravesar un túnel

the bullet went through three layers — la bala penetró tres capas

it went right through the wall — atravesó por toda la pared

to go through sb's pockets/belongings/papers — hurgar en los bolsillos/entre las cosas/entre los papeles de algn

• to post a letter through the letterbox — echar una carta al buzón

2) (time, process)

we're staying through till Tuesday — nos quedamos hasta el martes

(from) Monday through Friday — (US) de lunes a viernes

• to go through a bad/good period — pasar una mala/buena racha

we've been through a lot together — hemos pasado mucho juntos

• to be halfway through a book — ir por la mitad de un libro

halfway through the film — a la mitad de la película

• all or right through the night — durante toda la noche

• right through the year — durante el año entero or todo el año

3) (means) por

through lack of resources — por falta de recursos

through him I found out that... — por or a través de él supe que...

it was through you that we were late — fue por tu culpa que llegamos tarde

• to act through fear — obrar movido por el miedo

• he got the job through friends — consiguió el trabajo por mediación de or a través de unos amigos

4) (having completed)

he's through the exam — ha aprobado el examen

2. ADV

1) (place)

• it's frozen (right) through — está completamente helado

• does this train go through to London? — ¿este tren va directamente a Londres?

he went straight through to the dining room — pasó directamente al comedor

the nail went right through — el clavo penetró de parte a parte

• can you put me through to sales, please? — (Telec) ¿puede ponerme or pasarme con el departamento de ventas, por favor?

• the wood has rotted through — la madera se ha podrido completamente

• the window was dirty and I couldn't see through — la ventana estaba sucia y no podía ver nada

• wet through — [person] mojado hasta los huesos, empapado; [object] empapado

2) (time, process)

• I read the book right through — leí el libro entero

• to sleep the whole night through — dormir la noche entera

• did you stay right through to the end? — ¿te quedaste hasta el final?

we're staying through till Tuesday — nos quedamos hasta el martes

• he is through to the finals of the competition — pasó a la final del concurso

3)

through and through — [be something] hasta la médula, completamente; [know something] de pe a pa

3. ADJ

1) [road, train] directo; [traffic] de paso

no through road — calle sin salida

2) (=finished) terminado

we'll be through at seven — terminaremos a las siete

you're through! — ¡se acabó (para ti)!

are you through criticizing? — ¿has terminado or acabado de criticarme?

she told him they were through — ella le dijo que todo había acabado entre ellos

• I'm through with my girlfriend — he roto or terminado con mi novia

are you through with that book? — ¿has terminado de leer ese libro?

I'm through with bridge — renuncio al bridge, ya no vuelvo a jugar al bridge

I'm not through with you yet — todavía no he terminado contigo

when I'm through with him — cuando haya terminado con él

3) (Telec)

you're through! — ¡ya puede hablar!, ¡hable!

* * *

I [θruː]
preposition

1)

a) ( from one side to the other) por

it went right through the wall — atravesó la pared de lado a lado

to hear/feel something through something — oír*/sentir* algo a través de algo

he was shot through the head — le pegaron un balazo en la cabeza

the truck crashed through the barrier — el camión se llevó la barrera por delante

they struggled on through the crowd — siguieron abriéndose paso entre la multitud

he spoke through clenched teeth — habló entre dientes

we drove through Munich — atravesamos Munich ( en coche)

she glanced through the magazine — hojeó la revista

I worked my way through the textbook — me leí el texto de punta a punta

b) (past, beyond)

to be through something — haber* pasado algo

we're through the preliminary stages already — ya hemos pasado las fases iniciales

2)

a) ( in time)

we worked through the night — trabajamos durante toda la noche

half-way through his speech — en medio de su discurso, cuando iba (or vaya etc) por la mitad del discurso

after everything we've been through together — después de todo lo que hemos pasado juntos

through the centuries — a través de los siglos

b) ( until and including) (AmE)

Tuesday through Thursday — de martes a jueves

offer good through May 31 — oferta válida hasta el 31 de mayo

October through December — desde octubre hasta diciembre inclusive

3) (by)

she spoke through an interpreter — habló a través de un intérprete

I heard about it through a friend — me enteré a través de or por un amigo

through his help — gracias a su ayuda or mediante su ayuda

through no fault of her own — sin tener culpa alguna

II

adverb

1) ( from one side to the other)

the train sped through without stopping — el tren pasó a toda velocidad sin parar

he barged through — pasó dando empujones

the red paint shows through — se nota la pintura roja que hay debajo; see also get, pull, put through

2) ( in time)

all night through — durante toda la noche

we worked through without a break — trabajamos sin parar para descansar

3)

a) ( completely)

wet/soaked through — mojado/calado hasta los huesos

b)

through and through: he's a soldier through and through — es militar hasta la médula

III

adjective

1) ( Transp) (before n) <train/route> directo

through traffic — tráfico m de paso

no through road — calle sin salida

2) ( finished) (colloq) (pred)

aren't you through yet? — ¿no has terminado aún?

as a journalist, you're through — como periodista, estás acabado

to be through with somebody/something — haber* terminado con alguien/algo

to be through (with) -ing: I'm through trying to be nice to you — no pienso seguir tratando de ser amable contigo

3) (BrE Telec)

you're through! — hable!

we're through to Madrid — nos han conectado con Madrid

English-spanish dictionary > through
8 through

1. preposition
1) durch; (fig.)

search/read through something — etwas durchsuchen/durchlesen

live through something — (survive) etwas überleben; (experience) etwas erleben

2) (Amer.): (up to and including) bis [einschließlich]

3) (by reason of) durch; infolge von [Vernachlässigung, Einflüssen]

it was all through you that we were late — es war nur deine Schuld, dass wir zu spät gekommen sind

it happened through no fault of yours — es geschah nicht durch deine Schuld
2. adverb
1)

let somebody through — jemanden durchlassen

be through with a piece of work/with somebody — mit einer Arbeit fertig/mit jemandem fertig (ugs.) sein

2) (Teleph.)

be through — durch sein (ugs.)

be through to somebody — mit jemandem verbunden sein
3. attributive adjective
durchgehend [Zug]

through coach or carriage — Kurswagen, der ( for nach)

through traffic — Durchgangsverkehr, der

‘no through road’ — "keine Durchfahrt[sstraße]"

through ticket — [alle Umsteigestationen umfassende] Fahrkarte

can I buy a through ticket to Warsaw? — kann ich bis Warschau durchlösen?

* * *
[Ɵru:] 1. preposition
1) (into from one direction and out of in the other: The water flows through a pipe.) durch

2) (from side to side or end to end of: He walked (right) through the town.) durch

3) (from the beginning to the end of: She read through the magazine.) durch

4) (because of: He lost his job through his own stupidity.) durch

5) (by way of: He got the job through a friend.) durch

6) ((American) from... to (inclusive): I work Monday through Friday.) (von...)bis
2. adverb
(into and out of; from one side or end to the other; from beginning to end: He went straight/right through.) durch
3. adjective
1) ((of a bus or train) that goes all the way to one's destination, so that one doesn't have to change (buses or trains): There isn't a through train - you'll have to change.) durchgehend

2) (finished: Are you through yet?) fertig

•

- academic.ru/74787/throughout">throughout
4. adverb
(in every part: The house was furnished throughout.) ganz und gar

- all through
- soaked
- wet through
- through and through
- through with
* * *

through

[θru:]

I. prep

1. (from one side to other) durch + akk

we drove \through the tunnel wir fuhren durch den Tunnel

she looked \through the camera sie sah durch die Kamera

2. (in)

▪ \through sth durch etw akk

they took a trip \through Brazil sie machten eine Reise durch Brasilien

they walked \through the store sie gingen durch den Laden

her words kept running \through my head ihre Worte gingen mir ständig durch den Kopf

he went \through the streets er ging durch die Straßen

they took a walk \through the woods sie machten einen Spaziergang im Wald

3. esp AM (up until) bis

she works Monday \through Thursday sie arbeitet von Montag bis Donnerstag

the sale is going on \through next week der Ausverkauf geht bis Ende nächster Woche

4. (during) während

it rained right \through June es regnete den ganzen Juni über

they drove \through the night sie fuhren durch die Nacht

5. (because of) wegen + gen

, durch + akk

\through fear aus Angst

she couldn't see anything \through the smoke sie konnte durch den Rauch nichts erkennen

I can't hear you \through all this noise ich kann dich bei diesem ganzen Lärm nicht verstehen

6. (into pieces)

he cut \through the string er durchschnitt die Schnur

he shot a hole \through the tin can er schoss ein Loch in die Dose

7. (by means of) über + dat

I got my car \through my brother ich habe mein Auto über meinen Bruder bekommen

we sold the bike \through advertising wir haben das Fahrrad über eine Anzeige verkauft

\through chance durch Zufall

8. (at) durch + akk

she looked \through her mail sie sah ihre Post durch

he skimmed \through the essay er überflog den Aufsatz

to go \through sth etw durchgehen

9. (suffer) durch + akk

to go \through hell durch die Hölle gehen

to go \through a tough time/a transition eine harte Zeit/eine Übergangsphase durchmachen

10. (to the finish)

to be \through sth durch etw akk durch sein

to get \through sth [or to make it \through sth] etw durchstehen

11. (to be viewed by)

we'll put your proposition \through the council wir werden Ihren Vorschlag dem Rat vorlegen

the bill went \through parliament der Gesetzentwurf kam durchs Parlament

12. (into)

we were cut off halfway \through the conversation unser Gespräch wurde mittendrin unterbrochen

she was halfway \through the article sie war halb durch den Artikel durch

I'm not \through the book yet ich bin noch nicht durch das Buch durch

13. MATH (divided into) durch + akk

five \through ten is two Zehn durch Fünf gibt Zwei

II. adj inv

1. pred (finished) fertig

we're \through ( fam: finished relationship) mit uns ist es aus fam; (finished job) es ist alles erledigt

as soon as the scandal was made public he was \through as a politician als der Skandal publik wurde, war er als Politiker erledigt

▪ to be \through with sb/sth esp AM mit jdm/etw fertig sein

are you \through with that atlas? bist du fertig mit diesem Atlas?

2. pred (successful) durch

▪ to be \through bestanden haben

▪ to be \through to sth zu etw dat vorrücken, eine Prüfung bestehen

Henry is \through to the final Henry hat sich für das Finale qualifiziert

3. attr TRANSP (without stopping) durchgehend

\through coach [or carriage] Kurswagen m

\through flight Direktflug m

\through station Durchgangsbahnhof m

\through traveller [or AM traveler] Transitreisende(r) f(m)

4. attr (of room) Durchgangs-

III. adv inv

1. (to a destination) durch

I battled \through the lesson with the class ich habe die Lektion mit der Klasse durchgepaukt

to go \through to sth bis zu etw dat durchgehen

the train goes \through to Hamburg der Zug fährt bis nach Hamburg durch

go right \through, I'll be with you in a minute gehen Sie schon mal durch, ich bin gleich bei Ihnen

2. (from beginning to end) [ganz] durch

Paul saw the project \through to its completion Paul hat sich bis zum Abschluss um das Projekt gekümmert

to be halfway \through sth mit etw dat bis zur Häfte durch sein

to flick \through sth etw [schnell] durchblättern

to get \through to sb TELEC eine Verbindung zu jdm bekommen

to put sb \through to sb TELEC jdn mit jdm verbinden

to read sth \through etw [ganz] durchlesen

to think sth \through etw durchdenken

3. (from one side to another) ganz durch

the tree, only half cut \through, would fall as soon as the next storm arrived der Baum war nur halb abgeschnitten und würde beim nächsten Sturm umbrechen

4. (from outside to inside) durch und durch, ganz, völlig

the pipes have frozen \through die Rohre sind zugefroren

cooked \through durchgegart

when she cut the cake she found that it was not cooked right \through als sie den Kuchen aufschnitt, merkte sie, dass er noch nicht ganz durch war

soaked \through völlig durchnässt

thawed \through ganz aufgetaut

to be wet \through durch und durch nass sein

* * *
(US) [ɵruː]
1. prep

1) (place) durch

he couldn't get through the hedge — er konnte nicht durch die Hecke durchkommen or (hin)durchschlüpfen

to listen through the door — durch die (geschlossene) Tür mithören, lauschen

he was shot through the head — er bekam einen Kopfschuss

he went right through the red light — er ist bei Rot einfach durchgefahren

he has come through many hardships —

we're through that stage now — wir sind jetzt durch dieses Stadium hindurch

to be halfway through a book — ein Buch halb or zur Hälfte durchhaben (inf)

that happens halfway/three-quarters of the way through the book — das passiert in der Mitte/im letzten Viertel des Buches

2)

(time) all through his life — sein ganzes Leben lang

he won't live through the night — er wird die Nacht nicht überleben

he worked through the night — er hat die Nacht durchgearbeitet

he lives there through the week — er wohnt da während or unter (dial) der Woche or die Woche über

he slept through the film —

all through the autumn — den ganzen Herbst über or hindurch

3) (US: up to and including) bis (einschließlich)

Monday through Friday — von Montag bis (einschließlich) Freitag

4) (= means, agency) durch

or mail (US) —

it happened through no fault of mine or my own — es geschah nicht durch meine Schuld

absent through illness — abwesend wegen Krankheit

through neglect — durch Nachlässigkeit

to act through fear — aus Angst handeln

he spoke through an interpreter — er wurde gedolmetscht

2. adv
(time, place) durch
he's a liar/gentleman through and through — er ist durch und durch verlogen/ein Gentleman

to sleep all night through — die ganze Nacht durchschlafen

did you stay right through? (Brit) — sind Sie bis zum Schluss geblieben?

they stayed through until Thursday (Brit) —

he knew all through what I was getting at — er wusste die ganze Zeit (über), worauf ich hinauswollte

to let sb through — jdn durchlassen

to be wet through — durch und durch or bis auf die Haut nass sein

to read sth through — etw durchlesen

he's through in the other office — er ist (drüben) im anderen Büro

the train goes through to Berlin — der Zug fährt bis nach Berlin durch

3. adj pred

1)

(= finished) to be through with sb/sth — mit jdm/etw fertig sein (inf)

I'm through with him — der ist für mich gestorben or erledigt, ich bin fertig mit ihm (all inf)

I'm through with that kind of work —

you're through, Kowalski, fired are you through? — wir sind mit Ihnen fertig, Kowalski, Sie fliegen! sind Sie fertig?

2) (Brit TELEC)

to be through (to sb/London) — mit jdm/London verbunden sein

to get through (to sb/London) — zu jdm/nach London durchkommen

you're through, caller — Ihre Verbindung!, Ihr Gespräch!

* * *

through [θruː]

A präp

1. (räumlich) durch, durch … hindurch:

pass through a tunnel;

bore through a board

2. zwischen … (dat) hindurch, durch

3. durch, in (dat) (überall umher):

roam (all) through the country das (ganze) Land durchstreifen

4. (einen Zeitraum) hindurch, während:

all through his life sein ganzes Leben hindurch;

the whole summer through den ganzen Sommer lang

5. US (von …) bis:

Monday through Friday Montag bis einschließlich Freitag

6. (bis zum Ende oder ganz) durch:

are you through your work? sind Sie mit Ihrer Arbeit durch oder fertig?

7. fig durch:

I saw through his hypocrisy ich durchschaute seine Heuchelei;

get through an examination eine Prüfung bestehen, durch eine Prüfung kommen;

have been through sth etwas erlebt haben

8. durch, mittels:

it was through him that we found out durch ihn kamen wir darauf

9. aus, vor (dat), durch, in-, zufolge, wegen:

through neglect infolge oder durch Nachlässigkeit

B adv

1. durch:

through and through durch und durch, ganz und gar;

push a needle through eine Nadel durchstechen;

he would not let us through er wollte uns nicht durchlassen;

you are through TEL

a) Br Sie sind verbunden,

b) US Ihr Gespräch ist beendet;

wet through völlig durchnässt

2. (ganz) durch:

this train goes through to Boston dieser Zug fährt (durch) bis Boston;

the bad weather lasted all through das schlechte Wetter dauerte die ganze Zeit (hindurch) an

3. (ganz) durch (von Anfang bis Ende):

read a letter through;

carry a matter through eine Sache durchführen

4. fertig, durch ( beide:

with mit):

he is not yet through;

I’m through with him umg mit dem bin ich fertig;

we’re through umg mit uns ist es aus;

I’m through with it umg ich habe es satt

C adj durchgehend, Durchgangs…:

through ball ( oder pass) (Fußball) Steilpass m;

through bolt TECH durchgehender Bolzen;

through car US, through carriage ( oder coach) Br BAHN Kurswagen m;

through-composed MUS durchkomponiert (Lied);

through dialing TEL US Durchwahl f;

through flight FLUG Direktflug m (to nach);

through rate WIRTSCH Durchgangstarif m;

“no through road” „Durchfahrt verboten!“;

through street US Durchgangsstraße f;

through ticket BAHN US für Strecken verschiedener Eisenbahngesellschaften gültige Fahrkarte;

through traffic Durchgangsverkehr m;

through train durchgehender Zug;

through travel(l)er Transitreisende(r) m/f(m)

* * *
1. preposition
1) durch; (fig.)

search/read through something — etwas durchsuchen/durchlesen

live through something — (survive) etwas überleben; (experience) etwas erleben

2) (Amer.): (up to and including) bis [einschließlich]

3) (by reason of) durch; infolge von [Vernachlässigung, Einflüssen]

it was all through you that we were late — es war nur deine Schuld, dass wir zu spät gekommen sind

it happened through no fault of yours — es geschah nicht durch deine Schuld
2. adverb
1)

let somebody through — jemanden durchlassen

be through with a piece of work/with somebody — mit einer Arbeit fertig/mit jemandem fertig (ugs.) sein

2) (Teleph.)

be through — durch sein (ugs.)

be through to somebody — mit jemandem verbunden sein
3. attributive adjective
durchgehend [Zug]

through coach or carriage — Kurswagen, der ( for nach)

through traffic — Durchgangsverkehr, der

‘no through road’ — "keine Durchfahrt[sstraße]"

through ticket — [alle Umsteigestationen umfassende] Fahrkarte

can I buy a through ticket to Warsaw? — kann ich bis Warschau durchlösen?

* * *

adj.

durch adj.

durch... adj.

hindurch adj.

räumlich adj.

English-german dictionary > through
9 good

good [gʊd]

bon ⇒ 1A (a)-(d), 1B (a), 1C (a), 1C (c), 1C (d), 1D (a)-(e), 1E (a)-(d), 2 (a) beau ⇒ 1A (a), 1D (b) gentil ⇒ 1B (a) sage ⇒ 1B (b) favorable ⇒ 1C (b) bien ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (b), 3 pour ainsi dire ⇒ 5 pour de bon ⇒ 6

(compar better ['betə(r)], superl best [best])

1 adjective

A.

(a) (enjoyable, pleasant → book, feeling, holiday) bon, agréable; (→ weather) beau (belle);

∎ we're good friends nous sommes très amis;

∎ we're just good friends on est des amis, c'est tout;

∎ she has a good relationship with her staff elle a un bon contact avec ses employés;

∎ they have a good sex life sexuellement, tout va bien entre eux;

∎ they had a good time ils se sont bien amusés;

∎ we had good weather during the holidays il faisait beau pendant nos vacances;

∎ good to eat/to hear bon à manger/à entendre;

∎ it's good to be home ça fait du bien ou ça fait plaisir de rentrer chez soi;

∎ it's good to be alive il fait bon vivre;

∎ wait until he's in a good mood attendez qu'il soit de bonne humeur;

∎ to feel good être en forme;

∎ he doesn't feel good about leaving her alone (worried) ça l'ennuie de la laisser seule; (ashamed) il a honte de la laisser seule;

∎ it's too good to be true c'est trop beau pour être vrai ou pour y croire;

∎ the good life la belle vie;

∎ she's never had it so good! elle n'a jamais eu la vie si belle!;

∎ this is as good as you can get or as it gets c'est ce qui se fait de mieux;

∎ have a good day! bonne journée!;

∎ it's good to see you je suis/nous sommes content(s) de te voir;

∎ American familiar good to see you content de te voir;

∎ you can have too much of a good thing on se lasse de tout, même du meilleur

(b) (high quality → clothing, dishes) bon, de bonne qualité; (→ painting, film) bon; (→ food) bon;

∎ it's a good school c'est une bonne école;

∎ he speaks good English il parle bien anglais;

∎ she put her good shoes on elle a mis ses belles chaussures;

∎ I need a good suit j'ai besoin d'un bon costume;

∎ this house is good enough for me cette maison me suffit;

∎ if it's good enough for you, it's good enough for me si ça vous va, alors ça me va aussi;

∎ this isn't good enough ça ne va pas;

∎ this work isn't good enough ce travail laisse beaucoup à désirer;

∎ nothing is too good for her family rien n'est trop beau pour sa famille;

∎ it makes good television ça marche bien à la télévision

(c) (competent, skilful) bon, compétent;

∎ do you know a good lawyer? connaissez-vous un bon avocat?;

∎ she's a very good doctor c'est un excellent médecin;

∎ he's a good swimmer c'est un bon nageur;

∎ she's a good listener c'est quelqu'un qui sait écouter;

∎ to be good in bed être bien au lit;

∎ he's too good for that job il mérite une meilleure situation;

∎ to be good at sth être doué pour ou bon en qch;

∎ they're good at everything ils sont bons en tout;

∎ he's good with children il sait s'y prendre avec les enfants;

∎ to be good with one's hands être habile ou adroit de ses mains;

∎ they're not good enough to direct the others ils ne sont pas à la hauteur pour diriger les autres;

∎ you're as good as he is tu le vaux bien, tu vaux autant que lui;

∎ she's as good an artist as you are elle vous vaut en tant qu'artiste;

∎ to be good on French history/contract law (author) être bon en histoire de France/sur le droit des contrats;

∎ to be good on sth (book) être complet sur qch;

∎ the good gardening guide (title of book) le guide du bon jardinier

(d) (useful) bon;

∎ to be good for nothing être bon à rien;

∎ this product is also good for cleaning windows ce produit est bien aussi pour nettoyer les vitres

(e) (in greetings)

∎ good afternoon! (hello) bonjour!; (goodbye) bon après-midi!;

∎ good day! British or & American old-fashioned (hello) bonjour!; British old-fashioned (goodbye) adieu!;

∎ good evening! bonsoir!;

∎ good morning! (hello) bonjour!; (goodbye) au revoir!, bonne journée!

B.

(a) (kind) bon, gentil; (loyal, true) bon, véritable; (moral, virtuous) bon;

∎ good behaviour or conduct bonne conduite f;

∎ she's a good person c'est quelqu'un de bien;

∎ he's a good sort c'est un brave type;

∎ she proved to be a good friend elle a prouvé qu'elle était une véritable amie;

∎ he's been a good husband to her il a été pour elle un bon mari;

∎ you're too good for him tu mérites mieux que lui;

∎ they took advantage of his good nature ils ont profité de son bon naturel ou caractère;

∎ he's a good Christian/communist c'est un bon chrétien/communiste;

∎ to lead a good life (comfortable) avoir une belle vie; (moral) mener une vie vertueuse ou exemplaire;

∎ they've always been good to me ils ont toujours été gentils avec moi;

∎ life has been good to me j'ai eu de la chance dans la vie;

∎ that's very good of you c'est très aimable de votre part;

∎ he was very good about it il s'est montré très compréhensif;

∎ it's good of you to come c'est aimable ou gentil à vous d'être venu;

∎ would you be good enough to ask him? auriez-vous la bonté de lui demander?, seriez-vous assez aimable pour lui demander?;

∎ would you be good enough to reply by return of post? voudriez-vous avoir l'obligeance de répondre par retour du courrier?;

∎ old-fashioned or humorous and how's your good lady? et comment va madame?;

∎ old-fashioned or humorous my good man mon brave;

∎ literary good men and true des hommes vaillants;

∎ literary the good ship Caledonia le Caledonia

(b) (well-behaved) sage;

∎ be good! sois sage!;

∎ be a good boy and fetch Mummy's bag sois mignon, va chercher le sac de maman;

∎ good dog! (encouraging) oh, le beau chien!; (congratulating) c'est bien, le chien!

C.

(a) (desirable, positive) bon, souhaitable; (cause) bon;

∎ it's a good thing she's prepared to talk about it c'est une bonne chose qu'elle soit prête à en parler;

∎ she had the good fortune to arrive just then elle a eu la chance d'arriver juste à ce moment-là;

∎ it's a good job or good thing he decided not to go c'est une chance qu'il ait décidé de ou heureusement qu'il a décidé de ne pas y aller;

∎ all good wishes for the New Year tous nos meilleurs vœux pour le nouvel an

(b) (favourable → contract, deal) avantageux, favorable; (→ opportunity, sign) bon, favorable;

∎ to buy sth at a good price acheter qch bon marché ou à un prix avantageux;

∎ you've got a good chance tu as toutes tes chances;

∎ she's in a good position to help us elle est bien placée pour nous aider;

∎ there are good times ahead l'avenir est prometteur;

∎ he put in a good word for me with the boss il a glissé un mot en ma faveur au patron;

∎ it's looking good (is going well) ça a l'air de bien se passer; (is going to succeed) ça se présente bien;

∎ he's looking good (of boxer, athlete, election candidate) il a toutes ses chances

(c) (convenient, suitable → place, time) bon, propice; (→ choice) bon, convenable;

∎ it's a good holiday spot for people with children c'est un lieu de vacances idéal pour ceux qui ont des enfants;

∎ is this a good moment to ask him? est-ce un bon moment pour lui demander?;

∎ this is as good a time as any autant le faire maintenant;

∎ it's as good a way as any to do it c'est une façon comme une autre de le faire

(d) (beneficial) bon, bienfaisant;

∎ protein-rich diets are good for pregnant women les régimes riches en protéines sont bons pour les femmes enceintes;

∎ eat your spinach, it's good for you mange tes épinards, c'est bon pour toi;

∎ hard work is good for the soul! le travail forme le caractère!;

∎ whisky is good for a cold le whisky est bon pour les rhumes;

∎ to be good for business être bon pour les affaires;

∎ he's not good for her il a une mauvaise influence sur elle;

∎ this cold weather isn't good for your health ce froid n'est pas bon pour ta santé ou est mauvais pour toi;

∎ it's good for him to spend time outdoors ça lui fait du bien ou c'est bon pour lui de passer du temps dehors;

∎ he works more than is good for him il travaille plus qu'il ne faudrait ou devrait;

∎ figurative he doesn't know what's good for him il ne sait pas ce qui est bon pour lui;

∎ figurative if you know what's good for you, you'll listen si tu as le moindre bon sens, tu m'écouteras

D.

(a) (sound, strong) bon, valide;

∎ I can do a lot with my good arm je peux faire beaucoup de choses avec mon bras valide;

∎ my eyesight/hearing is good j'ai une bonne vue/l'ouïe fine

(b) (attractive → appearance) bon, beau (belle); (→ features, legs) beau (belle), joli;

∎ you're looking good! (healthy) tu as bonne mine!; (well-dressed) tu es très bien!;

∎ that colour looks good on him cette couleur lui va bien;

∎ she has a good figure elle est bien faite;

∎ the vase looks good there le vase rend très bien là

(c) (valid, well-founded) bon, valable;

∎ she had a good excuse/reason for not going elle avait une bonne excuse pour/une bonne raison de ne pas y aller;

∎ I wouldn't have come without good reason je ne serais pas venu sans avoir une bonne raison;

∎ they made out a good case against drinking tap water ils ont bien expliqué pourquoi il ne fallait pas boire l'eau du robinet

(d) (reliable, trustworthy → brand, car) bon, sûr; Commerce & Finance (→ cheque) bon; (→ investment, securities) sûr; (→ debt) bon, certain;

∎ my passport is good for five years mon passeport est bon ou valable pour cinq ans;

∎ this coat is good for another year ce manteau fera encore un an;

∎ familiar she's good for another ten years elle en a bien encore pour dix ans;

∎ familiar he's always good for a laugh il sait toujours faire rire^□ ;

∎ how much money are you good for? (do you have) de combien d'argent disposez-vous?;

∎ he should be good for a couple of hundred pounds on devrait pouvoir en tirer quelques centaines de livres;

∎ they are or their credit is good for £500 on peut leur faire crédit jusqu'à 500 livres

(e) (honourable, reputable) bon, estimé;

∎ they live at a good address ils habitent un quartier chic;

∎ to protect their good name pour défendre leur réputation;

∎ the firm has a good name la société a (une) bonne réputation;

∎ she's from a good family elle est de bonne famille;

∎ a family of good standing une famille bien

E.

(a) (ample, considerable) bon, considérable;

∎ a good amount or deal of money beaucoup d'argent;

∎ a good (round) sum une somme rondelette;

∎ a good few people pas mal de gens;

∎ take good care of your mother prends bien soin de ta mère;

∎ to make good money bien gagner sa vie;

∎ I make good money je gagne bien ma vie;

∎ we still have a good way to go nous avons encore un bon bout de chemin à faire;

∎ I was a good way into the book when I realized that… j'avais déjà bien avancé dans ma lecture quand je me suis rendu compte que…;

∎ a good thirty years ago il y a bien trente ans;

∎ the trip will take you a good two hours il vous faudra deux bonnes heures pour faire le voyage;

∎ she's been gone a good while ça fait un bon moment qu'elle est partie;

∎ they came in a good second ils ont obtenu une bonne deuxième place;

∎ there's a good risk of it happening il y a de grands risques que ça arrive

(b) (proper, thorough) bon, grand;

∎ I gave the house a good cleaning j'ai fait le ménage à fond;

∎ have a good cry pleure un bon coup;

∎ we had a good laugh on a bien ri;

∎ I managed to get a good look at his face j'ai pu bien regarder son visage;

∎ take a good look at her regardez-la bien;

∎ he got a good spanking il a reçu une bonne fessée;

∎ familiar we were good and mad on était carrément furax;

∎ she'll call when she's good and ready elle appellera quand elle le voudra bien;

∎ I was good and sorry to have invited her j'ai bien regretté de l'avoir invitée

(c) (acceptable) bon, convenable;

∎ we made the trip in good time le voyage n'a pas été trop long;

∎ that's all very good or all well and good but→ c'est bien joli ou bien beau tout ça mais…

(d) (indicating approval) bon, très bien;

∎ I'd like a new suit - very good, sir! j'ai besoin d'un nouveau costume - (très) bien, monsieur!;

∎ she left him - good! elle l'a quitté - tant mieux!;

∎ he's feeling better - good, let him go il va mieux - très bien, laissez-le partir;

∎ good, that's settled bon ou bien, voilà une affaire réglée;

∎ (that) sounds good! (good idea) bonne idée!;

∎ that's a good question c'est une bonne question;

∎ familiar that's a good one! (joke) elle est (bien) bonne, celle-là!; ironic (far-fetched story) à d'autres!;

∎ familiar good on you or for you! bravo!, très bien!;

∎ good old Eric, I knew he wouldn't let us down! ce brave Eric, je savais qu'il ne nous laisserait pas tomber!;

∎ good old London le bon vieux Londres;

∎ the good old days le bon vieux temps

2 adverb

(a) (as intensifier) bien, bon;

∎ a good hard bed un lit bien dur;

∎ I'd like a good hot bath j'ai envie de prendre un bon bain chaud;

∎ he needs a good sound spanking il a besoin d'une bonne fessée;

∎ the two friends had a good long chat les deux amis ont longuement bavardé;

∎ we took a good long walk nous avons fait une bonne ou une grande promenade

(b) familiar (well) bien^□ ;

∎ she writes good elle écrit bien;

∎ the boss gave it to them good and proper le patron leur a passé un de ces savons;

∎ their team beat us good and proper leur équipe nous a battus à plate couture ou à plates coutures;

∎ I'll do it when I'm good and ready je le ferai quand ça me chantera;

∎ I like my coffee good and strong j'aime le café bien fort;

∎ make sure it's stuck on good and hard vérifie que c'est vraiment bien collé;

∎ put the paint on good and thick appliquer la peinture en couches bien épaisses

(c) (idioms)

∎ to make good (succeed) réussir; (reform) changer de conduite, se refaire une vie;

∎ a local boy made good un garçon du pays ou du coin qui a fait son chemin;

∎ the prisoner made good his escape le prisonnier est parvenu à s'échapper ou a réussi son évasion;

∎ they made good their promise ils ont tenu parole ou ont respecté leur promesse;

∎ he made good his position as leader il a assuré sa position de leader;

∎ to make sth good (mistake) remédier à qch; (damages, injustice) réparer qch; (losses) compenser qch; (deficit) combler qch; (wall, surface) apporter des finitions à qch;

∎ we'll make good any expenses you incur nous vous rembourserons toute dépense;

∎ American to make good on sth honorer qch

3 noun

(a) (morality, virtue) bien m;

∎ they do good ils font le bien;

∎ that will do more harm than good ça fera plus de mal que de bien;

∎ to return good for evil rendre le bien pour le mal;

∎ that organization is a power for good cet organisme exerce une influence salutaire;

∎ she recognized the good in him elle a vu ce qu'il y avait de bon en lui;

∎ there is good and bad in everyone il y a du bon et du mauvais en chacun de nous;

∎ to be up to no good préparer un mauvais coup;

∎ their daughter came to no good leur fille a mal tourné;

∎ for good or evil, for good or ill pour le bien et pour le mal

(b) (use)

∎ this book isn't much good to me ce livre ne me sert pas à grand-chose;

∎ if it's any good to him si ça peut lui être utile ou lui rendre service;

∎ I was never any good at mathematics je n'ai jamais été doué pour les maths, je n'ai jamais été bon ou fort en maths;

∎ he's no good il est nul;

∎ he'd be no good as a teacher il ne ferait pas un bon professeur;

∎ what's the good? à quoi bon?;

∎ what good would it do to leave now? à quoi bon partir maintenant?;

∎ what good will it do you to see her? ça te servira à quoi ou t'avancera à quoi de la voir?;

∎ familiar a fat lot of good that did you! te voilà bien avancé maintenant!;

∎ ironic that will do you a lot of good! tu seras bien avancé!, ça te fera une belle jambe!;

∎ it's no good, I give up ça ne sert à rien, j'abandonne;

∎ it's no good worrying about it ça ne sert à rien de ou ce n'est pas la peine de ou inutile de vous inquiéter;

∎ I might as well talk to the wall for all the good it does je ferais aussi bien de parler au mur, pour tout l'effet que ça fait

(c) (benefit, welfare) bien m;

∎ I did it for your own good je l'ai fait pour ton (propre) bien;

∎ a holiday will do her good des vacances lui feront du bien;

∎ she resigned for the good of her health elle a démissionné pour des raisons de santé;

∎ it does my heart good to see you so happy ça me réchauffe le cœur de vous voir si heureux;

∎ much good may it do you! grand bien vous fasse!;

∎ the common good l'intérêt m commun

4 plural noun

∎ (people) the good les bons mpl, les gens mpl de bien;

∎ the good and the bad les bons et les méchants;

∎ only the good die young ce sont toujours les meilleurs qui partent les premiers

5 as good as adverb

pour ainsi dire, à peu de choses près;

∎ I'm as good as blind without my glasses sans lunettes je suis pour ainsi dire aveugle;

∎ he's as good as dead c'est comme s'il était mort;

∎ the job is as good as finished la tâche est pour ainsi dire ou est pratiquement finie;

∎ it's as good as new c'est comme neuf;

∎ he as good as admitted he was wrong il a pour ainsi dire reconnu qu'il avait tort;

∎ they as good as called us cowards ils n'ont pas dit qu'on était des lâches mais c'était tout comme;

∎ are you married? - as good as tu es marié? - non, mais c'est tout comme

6 for good adverb

pour de bon;

∎ she left for good elle est partie pour de bon;

∎ they finally settled down for good ils se sont enfin fixés définitivement;

∎ for good and all une (bonne) fois pour toutes, pour de bon;

∎ I'm warning you for good and all! c'est la dernière fois que je te le dis!

7 to the good adverb

∎ that's all to the good tant mieux;

∎ he finished up the card game £15 to the good il a fait 15 livres de bénéfice ou il a gagné 15 livres aux cartes

►► the Good Book la Bible;

Good Friday le vendredi saint;

good looks (attractive appearance) beauté f;

American familiar good old boy or good ole boy or good ol' boy (white male from Southern US) = Blanc originaire du sud des États-Unis, aux valeurs traditionnelles; pejorative (redneck) plouc m;

Bible the Good Samaritan le bon Samaritain;

figurative good Samaritan bon Samaritain m;

∎ she's a real good Samaritan elle a tout du bon Samaritain;

American Law the good Samaritan laws = lois qui protègent un sauveteur de toutes poursuites éventuelles engagées par le blessé;

the Good Shepherd le Bon Pasteur

✾ Book 'A Good Enough Parent' Bettelheim 'Pour être des parents acceptables'

✾ Book 'Good as Gold' Heller 'Franc comme l'or'

✾ Film 'The Good, the Bad and the Ugly' Leone 'Le Bon, la brute et le truand'

ⓘ GOOD FRIDAY En Grande-Bretagne, il est traditionnel, le jour du vendredi saint, de manger des "hot cross buns" (petits pains ronds aux fruits secs, marqués d'une croix).

ⓘ THE GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT Le processus de paix en Irlande du Nord, qui a été amorcé par les cessez-le-feu des groupes paramilitaires républicains et unionistes en 1994, a abouti au "Good Friday Agreement", l'accord de paix signé à Belfast en avril 1998. Cet accord, parrainé par les Premiers ministres britannique et irlandais, et finalement approuvé par le Sinn Féin et par la plupart des partis unionistes, a mis en place la "Northern Ireland Assembly", un parlement quasi autonome avec un partage démocratique du pouvoir entre les communautés protestante et catholique. Cet accord est une étape vers la fin de trente ans de guerre civile en Ulster.

ⓘ You've never had it so good Ce slogan a été utilisé pour la première fois aux États-Unis en 1952 par les Démocrates. Il signifie "vous êtes aujourd'hui plus prospères que jamais". En Grande-Bretagne, ce slogan est associé au Premier ministre conservateur Harold Macmillan qui l'utilisa dans un discours en 1957. Aujourd'hui, on utilise cette formule sur le mode ironique lorsqu'une situation n'encourage pas du tout à l'optimisme.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > good
10 good

ɡud
1. comparative - better; adjective
1) (well-behaved; not causing trouble etc: Be good!; She's a good baby.) bueno; educado

2) (correct, desirable etc: She was a good wife; good manners; good English.) bueno, correcto

3) (of high quality: good food/literature; His singing is very good.) bueno

4) (skilful; able to do something well: a good doctor; good at tennis; good with children.) bueno, competente

5) (kind: You've been very good to him; a good father.) bueno, amable

6) (helpful; beneficial: Exercise is good for you.; Cheese is good for you.) bueno; útil, beneficioso

7) (pleased, happy etc: I'm in a good mood today.) bueno, buen (humor), satisfecho, contento

8) (pleasant; enjoyable: to read a good book; Ice-cream is good to eat.) bueno, agradable

9) (considerable; enough: a good salary; She talked a good deal of nonsense.) bueno, apropiado, adecuado, suficiente

10) (suitable: a good man for the job.) bueno, apto, cualificado, adecuado

11) (sound, fit: good health; good eyesight; a car in good condition.) bueno; sano; en buenas condiciones

12) (sensible: Can you think of one good reason for doing that?) bueno

13) (showing approval: We've had very good reports about you.) bueno, positivo

14) (thorough: a good clean.) bueno; profundo

15) (healthy or in a positive mood: I don't feel very good this morning.) bien, sano, en forma

2. noun
1) (advantage or benefit: He worked for the good of the poor; for your own good; What's the good of a broken-down car?) bien, provecho, beneficio

2) (goodness: I always try to see the good in people.) bien, bondad, lado bueno

3. interjection
(an expression of approval, gladness etc.) bueno, bien

- goodness

4. interjection
((also my goodness) an expression of surprise etc.) ¡Dios mío!

- goods
- goody
- goodbye
- good-day
- good evening
- good-for-nothing
- good humour
- good-humoured
- good-humouredly
- good-looking
- good morning
- good afternoon
- good-day
- good evening
- good night
- good-natured
- goodwill
- good will
- good works
- as good as
- be as good as one's word
- be up to no good
- deliver the goods
- for good
- for goodness' sake
- good for
- good for you
- him
- Good Friday
- good gracious
- good heavens
- goodness gracious
- goodness me
- good old
- make good
- no good
- put in a good word for
- take something in good part
- take in good part
- thank goodness
- to the good

good¹ adj

1. bueno

these strawberries are very good estos fresones están muy buenos

this water is not good to drink esta agua no es buena para beber

2. bueno / amable

he's been very good to me ha sido muy amable conmigo / se ha portado muy bien conmigo

good for you! ¡bien hecho!

to be good at something tener facilidad para algo / ser bueno en algo

she's good at languages tiene facilidad para los idiomas

he's good at tennis juega bien al tenis

to have a good time pasarlo bien

El comparativo de good es better; el superlativo es best

good² n bien

it's for your own good es por tu bien

what's the good of shouting if nobody can hear you? ¿de qué sirve gritar si nadie te oye?

for good para siempre

she's gone for good se ha ido para siempre

to do someone good hacer bien a alguien

a walk will do you good un paseo te hará bien

good

tr[gʊd]

adjective (comp better, superl best)

1 bueno,-a (before m sing noun) buen

■ she's a good daughter es una buena hija

■ he's a good son es un buen hijo

2 (healthy) sano,-a

■ olive oil is good for you el aceite de oliva es muy sano

3 (beneficial) bueno,-a

■ taking exercise is good for your health hacer ejercicio es bueno para la salud

4 (kind) amable

■ they've been very good to him han sido muy amables con él

■ he was so good as to help us tuvo la amabilidad de ayudarnos

5 (well-behaved) bueno,-a

■ be good! ¡sé bueno!

6 (useful) servible

■ the only good plate in the cupboard el único plato servible en el armario

adverb

1 muy

■ a pair of good strong boots un par de botas muy resistentes

interjection

1 ¡bien!

noun

1 bien nombre masculino

■ good and evil el bien y el mal

■ its for your own good es por tu propio bien

plural noun goods

1 (property) bienes nombre masculino plural

1 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (in shop) género m sing, artículos nombre masculino plural

1 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (merchandise) mercancías nombre femenino plural

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

a good deal bastante

■ a good deal of money bastante dinero

■ he worked a good deal harder than she did él trabajó bastante más que ella

all in good time todo a su debido tiempo

as good as como si, prácticamente, casi

■ it's as good as finished está casi acabado

for good para siempre

for the good of en bien de

■ for the good of the people en bien del pueblo

good afternoon buenas tardes

good evening buenas tardes

Good Friday Viernes Santo

good heavens!, good grief! ¡cielo santo!

good morning buenos días

good night buenas noches

it's a good job menos mal

■ it's a good job that we brought an umbrella menos mal que trajimos un paraguas

that's a good one! (joke) ¡ésta sí que es buena!

to be as good as new estar como nuevo,-a

■ the clock is as good as new el reloj está como nuevo

to be as good as gold ser un ángel

to be good at tener aptitudes para

■ she's good at maths tiene aptitudes para las matemáticas

to be good for a laugh familiar ser muy divertido,-a, ser muy cachondo,-a

to be good for (last) durar 2 (be useful for) servir

■ it'll be good for another couple of years durará un par de años más

■ he'll be good for a long time yet tiene mucha vida por delante

■ it's good for getting rid of stains sirve para quitar las manchas

■ he's good for nothing no sirve para nada, es un inútil

to be up to no good estar tramando algo

to deliver the goods (literally) repartir las mercancías 2 (fig) cumplir sus compromisos

to do good hacer bien

to feel good sentirse bien

to have a good time pasarlo bien

to look good (person) tener buen aspecto 2 (food) tener buena pinta

to make good (be successful) tener éxito, salir bien 2 (reform) reformarse 3 (compensate) indemnizar

what's the good of «+ ger»? ¿de qué sirve + inf?

■ what's the good of denying it? ¿de qué sirve negarlo?

goods train tren nombre masculino de mercancías

goods wagon furgón nombre masculino, vagón nombre masculino de mercancías

goods yard estación nombre femenino de mercancías

stolen goods objetos nombre masculino plural robados

good ['gʊd] adv

1) (used as an intensifier) : bien

a good strong rope: una cuerda bien fuerte

2) well: bien

good adj, better ['bɛt̬ər] ; best ['bɛst]

1) pleasant: bueno, agradable

good news: buenas noticias

to have a good time: divertirse

2) beneficial: bueno, beneficioso

good for a cold: beneficioso para los resfriados

it's good for you: es bueno para uno

3) full: completo, entero

a good hour: una hora entera

4) considerable: bueno, bastante

a good many people: muchísima gente, un buen número de gente

5) attractive, desirable: bueno, bien

a good salary: un buen sueldo

to look good: quedar bien

6) kind, virtuous: bueno, amable

she's a good person: es buena gente

that's good of you!: ¡qué amable!

good deeds: buenas obras

7) skilled: bueno, hábil

to be good at: tener facilidad para

8) sound: bueno, sensato

good advice: buenos consejos

9) (in greetings) : bueno

good morning: buenos días

good afternoon (evening): buenas tardes

good night: buenas noches

good n

1) right: bien m

to do good: hacer el bien

2) goodness: bondad f

3) benefit: bien m, provecho m

it's for your own good: es por tu propio bien

4) goods npl

property: efectos mpl personales, posesiones fpl

5) goods npl

wares: mercancía f, mercadería f, artículos mpl

6)

for good : para siempre

good

adj.

• bueno, -a adj.

n.

• bien s.m.

• provecho s.m.

I gʊd
1) adjective (comp better; superl best) [The usual translation, bueno, becomes buen when it is used before a masculine singular noun]

Sense I

2) <food/quality/book> bueno

it smells good — huele bien, tiene rico or buen olor (AmL)

it looks good — tiene buen aspecto

her French is very good — habla muy bien (el) francés

in good condition — en buen estado

this hotel is as good as any you'll find here — este hotel es de los mejores que hay por aquí

to make good something: they undertook to make good the damage to the car se comprometieron a hacerse cargo de la reparación del coche; our losses were made good by the company la compañía nos compensó las pérdidas; to make good one's escape — lograr huir

3) ( creditable) <work/progress/results> bueno

they've made a very good start — han empezado muy bien

at least he had a good try — por lo menos lo intentó

4) (opportune, favorable) <moment/day/opportunity> bueno

is this a good time to phone? — ¿es buena hora para llamar?

it's a good job nobody was listening — (colloq) menos mal que nadie estaba escuchando

5) (advantageous, useful) <deal/offer/advice> bueno

she's a good person to have around — es una persona que conviene tener cerca

burn it; that's all it's good for — quémalo, no sirve para otra cosa

it's a good idea to let them know in advance — convendría or no sería mala idea avisarles de antemano

good idea!, good thinking! — buena idea!

6) ( pleasant) bueno

to be in a good mood — estar* de buen humor

I hope you have a good time in London — espero que te diviertas or que lo pases bien en Londres

did you have a good flight? — ¿qué tal el vuelo?

it's good to be back home — qué alegría estar otra vez en casa!

7) (healthy, wholesome) <diet/habit/exercise> bueno

he is in good health — está bien de salud

I'm not feeling too good — (colloq) no me siento or no me encuentro muy bien

spinach is good for you — las espinacas son buenas para la salud or son muy sanas

he drinks more than is good for him — bebe demasiado or más de la cuenta

she has been good for him — ella le ha hecho mucho bien

8) ( attractive)

she's got a good figure — tiene buena figura or buen tipo

that dress looks really good on her — ese vestido le queda or le sienta muy bien

9)

a) ( in greetings)

good morning — buenos días, buen día (RPl)

good afternoon — buenas tardes

b) ( in interj phrases)

good! now to the next question — bien, pasemos ahora a la siguiente pregunta

good for you! — bien hecho

good God! — Dios mío!

good heavens! — Santo Cielo!

good grief/gracious! — por favor!

very good, sir/madam — (frml) lo que mande el señor/la señora (frml)

c) ( for emphasis) (colloq)

I'll do it when I'm good and ready — lo haré cuando me parezca

the water's good and hot — el agua está bien caliente

d)

as good as: it's as good as new está como nuevo; he as good as admitted it — prácticamente lo admitió

Sense II

10) (skilled, competent) bueno

he's no good in emergencies — en situaciones de emergencia no sabe qué hacer

she's very good in the kitchen — cocina muy bien

to be good AT something/-ING: to be good at languages tener* facilidad para los idiomas; he's good at ironing plancha muy bien; he is good with dogs/children tiene buena mano con or sabe cómo tratar a los perros/los niños; she is good with her hands — es muy habilidosa or mañosa

11) (devoted, committed) bueno

a good Catholic/socialist — un buen católico/socialista

12)

a) (virtuous, upright) bueno

the Good Book — la Santa Biblia

b) ( well-behaved) bueno

be good — sé bueno, pórtate bien

good boy! — muy bien!

13) ( kind) bueno

to be good TO somebody: she was very good to me fue muy amable conmigo, se portó muy bien conmigo; it was very good of you to come muchas gracias por venir; good old Pete — el bueno de Pete

14) (decent, acceptable) bueno

good manners — buenos modales mpl

to have a good reputation — tener* buena reputación

15) ( sound) <customer/payer> bueno

this ticket is good for another week — este billete vale para una semana más

this car's good for a few years yet — a este coche todavía le quedan unos cuantos años por delante

16) ( valid) <argument/excuse> bueno

it's not good enough to say you can't do it — no basta con decir que no puedes hacerlo

it's simply not good enough! — esto no puede ser!, esto es intolerable!

Sense III

17) (substantial, considerable) <meal/salary/distance> bueno

she's making good money — está haciendo mucho dinero

there were a good many people there — había bastante gente or un buen número de personas allí

18) ( not less than)

it'll take a good hour — va a llevar su buena hora or una hora larga

a good half of all the people interviewed — más de la mitad de los entrevistados

19) (thorough, intense) <rest/scolding> bueno

I had a good night's sleep — dormí bien

II

noun

1)

a) u ( moral right) bien m

to do good — hacer* el bien

there is some good in everyone — todos tenemos algo bueno

to be up to no good — (colloq) estar* tramando algo, traerse* algo entre manos

b) ( people)

the good — (+ pl vb) los buenos

2) u

a) ( benefit) bien m

for the good of somebody/something — por el bien de algn/algo

no good will come of it — nada bueno saldrá de ello

to do somebody/something good — hacerle* bien a algn/algo

lying won't do you any good at all — mentir no te llevará a ninguna parte, no ganarás or no sacarás nada con mentir

b) ( use)

this knife is no good (at all) — este cuchillo no sirve (para nada)

are you any good at drawing? — ¿sabes dibujar?

this book is no good — este libro no vale nada

c) ( in phrases)

for good — para siempre

3) goods pl

a) ( merchandise) artículos mpl, mercancías fpl, mercaderías fpl (AmS)

manufactured goods — productos mpl manufacturados, manufacturas fpl

to come up with o deliver the goods — (colloq) cumplir con lo prometido; (before n) <train, wagon> (BrE) de carga; < depot> de mercancías, de mercaderías (AmS)

b) ( property) (frml) bienes mpl

all his worldly goods — todas sus posesiones

III

adverb

1) (as intensifier)

it's been a good long while since... — ha pasado su buen tiempo desde...

you messed that up good and proper, didn't you? — (BrE colloq) metiste bien la pata, ¿no? (fam)

2) (AmE colloq) (well, thoroughly) bien

[ɡʊd]
1. ADJECTIVE
(compar better) (superl best) When good is part of a set combination, eg in a good temper, a good deal of, good heavens, look up the noun. The commonest translation of good is bueno, which must be shortened to buen before a masculine singular noun.
1) (=satisfactory)

a) bueno

a good book — un buen libro

at the end of the day, it's a good investment — a fin de cuentas es una buena inversión
Note that [bueno]/[buena] {etc} precede the noun in general comments where there is no attempt to compare or rank the person or thing involved:
if he set his mind to it, he could be a very good painter — si se lo propusiera podría ser muy buen pintor

she was a good wife and mother — era una buena esposa y madre

she has a good figure — tiene buen tipo
[Bueno]/[buena] {etc} follow the noun when there is implied or explicit comparison:
we could make a list of good teachers — podríamos hacer una lista de profesores buenos

I'm not saying it's a good thing or a bad thing — no digo que sea una cosa buena, ni mala
Use [ser] rather than [estar] with [bueno] when translating [to be good], unless describing food:
the idea is a good one — la idea es buena

it's good to be aware of the views of intelligent people — es bueno conocer los puntos de vista de la gente inteligente

the paella was very good — la paella estaba muy buena
Use [estar] with the adverb [bien] to give a general comment on a situation:
you've written a book, which is good — has escrito un libro, lo que está bien

his hearing is good — del oído está bien, el oído lo tiene bien

b)

• she's good at maths — se le dan bien las matemáticas, es buena en matemáticas

she's good at singing — canta bien

she's good at putting people at their ease — tiene la capacidad de hacer que la gente se sienta relajada

• that's good enough for me — eso me basta

it's just not good enough! — ¡esto no se puede consentir!

40% of candidates are not good enough to pass — el 40% de los candidatos no dan el nivel or la talla para aprobar

• to feel good — sentirse bien

I started to feel good about myself again — empecé a recuperar mi autoestima or la moral

I don't feel very good about that * — (=I'm rather ashamed) me da bastante vergüenza

• we've never had it so good! * — ¡nunca nos ha ido tan bien!, ¡jamás lo hemos tenido tan fácil!

• how good is her eyesight? — ¿qué tal está de la vista?

• you're looking good — ¡qué guapa estás!

things are looking good — las cosas van bien, la cosa tiene buena pinta *

you look good in that — eso te sienta or te va bien

• you can have too much of a good thing — lo mucho cansa (y lo poco agrada)

• it's too good to be true — no puede ser, es demasiado bueno para ser cierto

he sounds too good to be true! — ¡algún defecto tiene que tener!

• she's good with cats — entiende bien a los gatos, sabe manejarse bien con los gatos
good 2., manner 4), a), mood II, 1., time 1., 5)
2) (=of high quality)

always use good ingredients — utilice siempre ingredientes de calidad or los mejores ingredientes

it's made of good leather — está hecho con cuero del bueno

3) (=pleasant) [holiday, day] bueno, agradable; [weather, news] bueno

• it was as good as a holiday — aquello fue como unas vacaciones

• have a good journey! — ¡buen viaje!

• how good it is to know that...! — ¡cuánto me alegro de saber que...!

• it's good to see you — me alegro de verte, gusto en verte (LAm)

it's good to be here — da gusto estar aquí

• have a good trip! — ¡buen viaje!
alive, life 1., 3)
4) (=beneficial, wholesome) [food] bueno, sano; [air] puro, sano

• it's good for burns — es bueno para las quemaduras

it's good for you or your health — te hace bien

spirits are not good for me — los licores no me sientan bien

he eats more than is good for him — come más de lo que le conviene

all this excitement isn't good for me! — ¡a mí todas estas emociones no me vienen or sientan nada bien!

it's good for the soul! — hum ¡ennoblece el espíritu!, ¡te enriquece (como persona)!

if you know what's good for you you'll say yes — por la cuenta que te tiene dirás que sí

some children know more than is good for them — algunos niños son demasiado listos or saben demasiado

5) (=favourable) [moment, chance] bueno

• it's a good chance to sort things out — es una buena oportunidad de or para arreglar las cosas

• I tried to find something good to say about him — traté de encontrar algo bueno que decir de él

• it would be a good thing or idea to ask him — no estaría mal or no sería mala idea preguntárselo

• this is as good a time as any to do it — es tan buen momento como cualquier otro para hacerlo

6) (=useful)

the only good chair — la única silla que está bien, la única silla servible or sana

• to be good for (doing) sth — servir para (hacer) algo

it'll be good for some years — durará todavía algunos años

he's good for ten years yet — tiene todavía por delante diez años de vida

John's good for a few hundred pounds * — John seguramente puede prestarnos unos cientos de libras

I'm good for another mile — todavía puedo aguantar otra milla más

the ticket is good for three months — el billete es válido or valedero para tres meses

he's good for nothing — es un inútil, es completamente inútil

7) (=sound, valid) [excuse] bueno

• unless you have a good excuse — a menos que tengas una buena excusa

• for no good reason — sin motivo alguno

• he is a good risk — (financially) concederle crédito es un riesgo asumible, se le puede prestar dinero
word 1., 1)
8) (=kind)

• that's very good of you — es usted muy amable, ¡qué amable (de su parte)!

• he was so good as to come with me — tuvo la amabilidad de acompañarme

please would you be so good as to help me down with my case? — ¿me hace el favor de bajarme la maleta?, ¿tendría la bondad de bajarme la maleta? more frm

would you be so good as to sign here? — ¿me hace el favor de firmar aquí?

• he's a good sort — es buena persona or gente

• he was good to me — fue muy bueno or amable conmigo, se portó bien conmigo
nature 1., 2)
9) (=well-behaved) [child] bueno

be good! — (morally) ¡sé bueno!; (in behaviour) ¡pórtate bien!; (at this moment) ¡estáte formal!

- be as good as gold

10) (=upright, virtuous) bueno

he's a good man — es una buena persona, es un buen hombre

• I think I'm as good as him — yo me considero tan buena persona como él

the twelve good men and true — los doce hombres justos

• yes, my good man — sí, mi querido amigo

• send us a photo of your good self — frm tenga a bien enviarnos una foto suya

• she's too good for him — ella es más de lo que él se merece
lady 1., 5)
11) (=close) bueno

• he's a good friend of mine — es un buen amigo mío

my good friend Fernando — mi buen or querido amigo Fernando

12) (=middle-class, respectable)

• to live at a good address — vivir en una buena zona or en un buen barrio

• he's got no money but he's of good family — no tiene dinero pero es or viene de buena familia

13) (=creditable)

he came in a good third — llegó en un meritorio tercer puesto

14) (=considerable) [supply, number] bueno

we were kept waiting for a good hour/thirty minutes — nos tuvieron esperando una hora/media hora larga, nos tuvieron esperando por lo menos una hora/media hora

a good three hours — tres horas largas

a good 10km — 10kms largos

a good £10 — lo menos 10 libras

• a good many or few people — bastante gente

15) (=thorough) [scolding] bueno

• to have a good cry — llorar a lágrima viva, llorar a moco tendido *

• to have a good laugh — reírse mucho

• to take a good look (at sth) — mirar bien (algo)

• to have a good wash — lavarse bien

16)

the good ship Domino — el (buque) Domino

17) (in greetings)

• good morning — buenos días

• good afternoon/ evening — buenas tardes

• good day — † (=hello) ¡buenos días!; (=goodbye) ¡hasta mañana!

• good night — buenas noches

• with every good wish, with all good wishes — (in letter) saludos, un fuerte abrazo

Robert sends (his) good wishes — Robert manda recuerdos

18) (in exclamations)

good! — ¡muy bien!

(that's) good! — ¡qué bien!, ¡qué bueno! (LAm)

very good, sir — sí, señor

• good for you! — ¡bien hecho!; (=congratulations) ¡enhorabuena!

• good one! — (=well done, well said) ¡muy bien!, ¡sí señor!
old 1., 5)
19) (in other set expressions)
as good as
it's as good as new — está como nuevo

I'll soon be as good as new — pronto estaré como nuevo

the job is as good as done — el trabajo puede darse por acabado

it's as good as lost — puede darse por perdido

they're as good as beaten — pueden darse por vencidos

as good as saying... — tanto como decir...

she as good as told me so — poco menos que me lo dijo

he as good as called me a liar — me llamó poco menos que mentiroso
to come good
things will come good eventually * — todo se arreglará al final
good and...
good and hot * — bien calentito *

good and strong * — bien fuerte

I'll do it when I'm good and ready * — lo haré cuando a mí me parezca
to hold good valer ( for para)
the same advice holds good for us — el mismo consejo vale para nosotros
it's a good job
(it's a) good job he came! * — ¡menos mal que ha venido!
make 1., 3), riddance, thing 2)
2. ADVERB

1) (as intensifier) bien

a good strong stick — un palo bien fuerte

a good long walk — un paseo bien largo, un buen paseo

- give as good as one gets
good and proper
they were beaten good and proper * — les dieron una buena paliza *

they were cheated good and proper * — les timaron bien timados *, les timaron con todas las de la ley *

2) (esp US) * (=well) bien

you did good — hiciste bien

"how are you?" - "thanks, I'm good" — -¿cómo estás? -muy bien, gracias

3. NOUN

1) (=virtuousness) el bien

• to do good — hacer (el) bien

• good and evil — el bien y el mal

• he is a power for good — su influencia es muy buena or beneficiosa, hace mucho bien

• for good or ill — para bien o para mal

• there's some good in him — tiene algo bueno

• to be up to no good * — estar tramando algo

2) (=advantage, benefit) bien m

the common good — el bien común

if it's any good to you — si te sirve de algo

• a rest will do you some good — un descanso te sentará bien

the sea air does you good — el aire del mar le hace or sienta a uno bien

a (fat) lot of good that will do you! * — iro ¡menudo provecho te va a traer!

much good may it do you! — ¡no creo que te sirva de mucho!, ¡para lo que te va a servir!

it does my heart good to see him — verlo me alegra la existencia

• for your own good — por tu propio bien

for the good of the country — por el bien del país

• to be in good with sb — estar a bien con algn

• that's all to the good! — ¡menos mal!

• what good will that do you? — ¿y eso de qué te va a servir?

what's the good of worrying? — ¿de qué sirve or para qué preocuparse?

3) (=people of virtue)
the good los buenos
4) (in set expressions)
any good
is he any good? — [worker, singer etc] ¿qué tal lo hace?, ¿lo hace bien?

is this any good? — ¿sirve esto?

is she any good at cooking? — ¿qué tal cocina?, ¿cocina bien?
for good (and all) (=for ever) para siempre
he's gone for good — se ha ido para siempre or para no volver
no good
it's no good — (=no use) no sirve

it's no good, I'll never get it finished in time — así no hay manera, nunca lo terminaré a tiempo

it's no good saying that — de nada sirve or vale decir eso

it's no good worrying — de nada sirve or vale preocuparse, no se saca nada preocupándose

that's no good — eso no vale or sirve

I'm no good at maths — las matemáticas no se me dan nada bien

that's no good to me — eso no me sirve para nada

to come to no good — acabar mal

4.

COMPOUNDS

the Good Book N — (Rel) la Biblia

good deeds NPL — = good works

good faith N — buena fe f

in good faith — de buena fe

Good Friday N — (Rel) Viernes m Santo

good guy N — (Cine) bueno m

good looks NPL — atractivo msing físico

good name N — buen nombre m

to protect sb's good name — proteger el buen nombre de algn

he wanted to protect his friend's good name — quería proteger el buen nombre de su amigo

good works NPL — buenas obras fpl

* * *

I [gʊd]
1) adjective (comp better; superl best) [The usual translation, bueno, becomes buen when it is used before a masculine singular noun]

Sense I

2) <food/quality/book> bueno

it smells good — huele bien, tiene rico or buen olor (AmL)

it looks good — tiene buen aspecto

her French is very good — habla muy bien (el) francés

in good condition — en buen estado

this hotel is as good as any you'll find here — este hotel es de los mejores que hay por aquí

to make good something: they undertook to make good the damage to the car se comprometieron a hacerse cargo de la reparación del coche; our losses were made good by the company la compañía nos compensó las pérdidas; to make good one's escape — lograr huir

3) ( creditable) <work/progress/results> bueno

they've made a very good start — han empezado muy bien

at least he had a good try — por lo menos lo intentó

4) (opportune, favorable) <moment/day/opportunity> bueno

is this a good time to phone? — ¿es buena hora para llamar?

it's a good job nobody was listening — (colloq) menos mal que nadie estaba escuchando

5) (advantageous, useful) <deal/offer/advice> bueno

she's a good person to have around — es una persona que conviene tener cerca

burn it; that's all it's good for — quémalo, no sirve para otra cosa

it's a good idea to let them know in advance — convendría or no sería mala idea avisarles de antemano

good idea!, good thinking! — buena idea!

6) ( pleasant) bueno

to be in a good mood — estar* de buen humor

I hope you have a good time in London — espero que te diviertas or que lo pases bien en Londres

did you have a good flight? — ¿qué tal el vuelo?

it's good to be back home — qué alegría estar otra vez en casa!

7) (healthy, wholesome) <diet/habit/exercise> bueno

he is in good health — está bien de salud

I'm not feeling too good — (colloq) no me siento or no me encuentro muy bien

spinach is good for you — las espinacas son buenas para la salud or son muy sanas

he drinks more than is good for him — bebe demasiado or más de la cuenta

she has been good for him — ella le ha hecho mucho bien

8) ( attractive)

she's got a good figure — tiene buena figura or buen tipo

that dress looks really good on her — ese vestido le queda or le sienta muy bien

9)

a) ( in greetings)

good morning — buenos días, buen día (RPl)

good afternoon — buenas tardes

b) ( in interj phrases)

good! now to the next question — bien, pasemos ahora a la siguiente pregunta

good for you! — bien hecho

good God! — Dios mío!

good heavens! — Santo Cielo!

good grief/gracious! — por favor!

very good, sir/madam — (frml) lo que mande el señor/la señora (frml)

c) ( for emphasis) (colloq)

I'll do it when I'm good and ready — lo haré cuando me parezca

the water's good and hot — el agua está bien caliente

d)

as good as: it's as good as new está como nuevo; he as good as admitted it — prácticamente lo admitió

Sense II

10) (skilled, competent) bueno

he's no good in emergencies — en situaciones de emergencia no sabe qué hacer

she's very good in the kitchen — cocina muy bien

to be good AT something/-ING: to be good at languages tener* facilidad para los idiomas; he's good at ironing plancha muy bien; he is good with dogs/children tiene buena mano con or sabe cómo tratar a los perros/los niños; she is good with her hands — es muy habilidosa or mañosa

11) (devoted, committed) bueno

a good Catholic/socialist — un buen católico/socialista

12)

a) (virtuous, upright) bueno

the Good Book — la Santa Biblia

b) ( well-behaved) bueno

be good — sé bueno, pórtate bien

good boy! — muy bien!

13) ( kind) bueno

to be good TO somebody: she was very good to me fue muy amable conmigo, se portó muy bien conmigo; it was very good of you to come muchas gracias por venir; good old Pete — el bueno de Pete

14) (decent, acceptable) bueno

good manners — buenos modales mpl

to have a good reputation — tener* buena reputación

15) ( sound) <customer/payer> bueno

this ticket is good for another week — este billete vale para una semana más

this car's good for a few years yet — a este coche todavía le quedan unos cuantos años por delante

16) ( valid) <argument/excuse> bueno

it's not good enough to say you can't do it — no basta con decir que no puedes hacerlo

it's simply not good enough! — esto no puede ser!, esto es intolerable!

Sense III

17) (substantial, considerable) <meal/salary/distance> bueno

she's making good money — está haciendo mucho dinero

there were a good many people there — había bastante gente or un buen número de personas allí

18) ( not less than)

it'll take a good hour — va a llevar su buena hora or una hora larga

a good half of all the people interviewed — más de la mitad de los entrevistados

19) (thorough, intense) <rest/scolding> bueno

I had a good night's sleep — dormí bien

II

noun

1)

a) u ( moral right) bien m

to do good — hacer* el bien

there is some good in everyone — todos tenemos algo bueno

to be up to no good — (colloq) estar* tramando algo, traerse* algo entre manos

b) ( people)

the good — (+ pl vb) los buenos

2) u

a) ( benefit) bien m

for the good of somebody/something — por el bien de algn/algo

no good will come of it — nada bueno saldrá de ello

to do somebody/something good — hacerle* bien a algn/algo

lying won't do you any good at all — mentir no te llevará a ninguna parte, no ganarás or no sacarás nada con mentir

b) ( use)

this knife is no good (at all) — este cuchillo no sirve (para nada)

are you any good at drawing? — ¿sabes dibujar?

this book is no good — este libro no vale nada

c) ( in phrases)

for good — para siempre

3) goods pl

a) ( merchandise) artículos mpl, mercancías fpl, mercaderías fpl (AmS)

manufactured goods — productos mpl manufacturados, manufacturas fpl

to come up with o deliver the goods — (colloq) cumplir con lo prometido; (before n) <train, wagon> (BrE) de carga; < depot> de mercancías, de mercaderías (AmS)

b) ( property) (frml) bienes mpl

all his worldly goods — todas sus posesiones

III

adverb

1) (as intensifier)

it's been a good long while since... — ha pasado su buen tiempo desde...

you messed that up good and proper, didn't you? — (BrE colloq) metiste bien la pata, ¿no? (fam)

2) (AmE colloq) (well, thoroughly) bien

English-spanish dictionary > good
11 through

I [θruː]
preposizione

1) (from one side to the other) attraverso, per

the nail went right through the wall — il chiodo attraversò il muro

to stick one's finger through the slit — infilare il dito nella fessura

he was shot through the head — il proiettile gli trapassò il cranio

it has a crack running through it — è attraversato da una crepa

2) (via, by way of)

to go through the town centre — passare per il centro della città

go straight through that door — passate da quella porta

to look through — guardare in [ binoculars]; guardare da [hole, window]

3) (past)

to go through — passare con [ red light]

to get o go through — passare attraverso [ barricade]; passare [ customs]

4) (among)

to fly through the clouds — volare tra le nuvole

to leap through the trees — saltare di ramo in ramo

to search through — frugare in [ bag]

5) (expressing source or agency)

it was through her that I got this job — è stato grazie a lei che ho avuto questo lavoro

to book sth. through a travel agent — prenotare qcs. tramite un'agenzia di viaggi

I only know her through her writings — la conosco solo attraverso i suoi scritti

6) (because of)

through carelessness — per negligenza

7) (until the end of)

all o right through the day — per tutta la giornata

8) (up to and including)

from Friday through to Sunday — da venerdì a domenica

open April through September — AE aperto da aprile a settembre compreso

••

to have been through a lot — averne passate di cotte e di crude

you really put her through it — gliene hai fatte vedere di tutti i colori
II [θruː]
avverbio

1) (from one side to the other)

the water went right through — l'acqua è passata da parte a parte

to let sb. through — lasciare passare qcn

2) (completely)

cooked right through — ben cotto

3) (from beginning to end)

to read sth. right through — leggere qcs. fino in fondo o fino alla fine

I'm halfway through the article — ho letto metà dell'articolo

4) tel.

you're through — è in linea

5) through and through

to know sth. through and through — conoscere qcs. come le proprie tasche

English through and through — inglese fino al midollo
III [θruː]
aggettivo

1) colloq. (finished) finito

are you through with the paper? — hai finito col giornale?

we're through — (of a couple) tra noi è finita

2) (direct) [ train] diretto; [ ticket] cumulativo; [ freight] a corpo

a through route to the station — una strada che va direttamente alla stazione

"no through road" — "strada senza uscita"

"through traffic" — (on roadsign) "circonvallazione"

3) (successful)

to be through to the next round — passare al turno successivo

4) BE (worn)

your trousers are through at the knee — i tuoi pantaloni sono bucati al ginocchio

* * *
[Ɵru:] 1. preposition
1) (into from one direction and out of in the other: The water flows through a pipe.) attraverso

2) (from side to side or end to end of: He walked (right) through the town.) attraverso

3) (from the beginning to the end of: She read through the magazine.) completamente

4) (because of: He lost his job through his own stupidity.) (a causa di)

5) (by way of: He got the job through a friend.) tramite

6) ((American) from... to (inclusive): I work Monday through Friday.) da (...) a (...)
2. adverb
(into and out of; from one side or end to the other; from beginning to end: He went straight/right through.) attraverso; completamente
3. adjective
1) ((of a bus or train) that goes all the way to one's destination, so that one doesn't have to change (buses or trains): There isn't a through train - you'll have to change.) diretto

2) (finished: Are you through yet?) finito

•

- throughout
4. adverb
(in every part: The house was furnished throughout.) completamente, interamente

- all through
- soaked
- wet through
- through and through
- through with
* * *
I [θruː]
preposizione

1) (from one side to the other) attraverso, per

the nail went right through the wall — il chiodo attraversò il muro

to stick one's finger through the slit — infilare il dito nella fessura

he was shot through the head — il proiettile gli trapassò il cranio

it has a crack running through it — è attraversato da una crepa

2) (via, by way of)

to go through the town centre — passare per il centro della città

go straight through that door — passate da quella porta

to look through — guardare in [ binoculars]; guardare da [hole, window]

3) (past)

to go through — passare con [ red light]

to get o go through — passare attraverso [ barricade]; passare [ customs]

4) (among)

to fly through the clouds — volare tra le nuvole

to leap through the trees — saltare di ramo in ramo

to search through — frugare in [ bag]

5) (expressing source or agency)

it was through her that I got this job — è stato grazie a lei che ho avuto questo lavoro

to book sth. through a travel agent — prenotare qcs. tramite un'agenzia di viaggi

I only know her through her writings — la conosco solo attraverso i suoi scritti

6) (because of)

through carelessness — per negligenza

7) (until the end of)

all o right through the day — per tutta la giornata

8) (up to and including)

from Friday through to Sunday — da venerdì a domenica

open April through September — AE aperto da aprile a settembre compreso

••

to have been through a lot — averne passate di cotte e di crude

you really put her through it — gliene hai fatte vedere di tutti i colori
II [θruː]
avverbio

1) (from one side to the other)

the water went right through — l'acqua è passata da parte a parte

to let sb. through — lasciare passare qcn

2) (completely)

cooked right through — ben cotto

3) (from beginning to end)

to read sth. right through — leggere qcs. fino in fondo o fino alla fine

I'm halfway through the article — ho letto metà dell'articolo

4) tel.

you're through — è in linea

5) through and through

to know sth. through and through — conoscere qcs. come le proprie tasche

English through and through — inglese fino al midollo
III [θruː]
aggettivo

1) colloq. (finished) finito

are you through with the paper? — hai finito col giornale?

we're through — (of a couple) tra noi è finita

2) (direct) [ train] diretto; [ ticket] cumulativo; [ freight] a corpo

a through route to the station — una strada che va direttamente alla stazione

"no through road" — "strada senza uscita"

"through traffic" — (on roadsign) "circonvallazione"

3) (successful)

to be through to the next round — passare al turno successivo

4) BE (worn)

your trousers are through at the knee — i tuoi pantaloni sono bucati al ginocchio

English-Italian dictionary > through
12 just

I
adjective
1) (right and fair: not favouring one more than another: a fair and just decision.) justo

2) (reasonable; based on one's rights: He certainly has a just claim to the money.) justo

3) (deserved: He got his just reward when he crashed the stolen car and broke his leg.) merecido

•

- justly
- justness
II
adverb
1) ((often with as) exactly or precisely: This penknife is just what I needed; He was behaving just as if nothing had happened; The house was just as I'd remembered it.) exactamente

2) ((with as) quite: This dress is just as nice as that one.) exactamente

3) (very lately or recently: He has just gone out of the house.) acabar de, ahora mismo, hace un momento

4) (on the point of; in the process of: She is just coming through the door.) en este momento

5) (at the particular moment: The telephone rang just as I was leaving.) justo, en el mismo instante/momento en que

6) ((often with only) barely: We have only just enough milk to last till Friday; I just managed to escape; You came just in time.) a penas

7) (only; merely: They waited for six hours just to get a glimpse of the Queen; `Where are you going?' `Just to the post office'; Could you wait just a minute?) sólamente

8) (used for emphasis, eg with commands: Just look at that mess!; That just isn't true!; I just don't know what to do.) ¡pero!; de verdad

9) (absolutely: The weather is just marvellous.) absolutamente

•

- just about
- just now
- just then

just¹ adj justo

a just punishment un castigo justo

just² adv

1. justo / exactamente

it's just what I wanted es justo lo que quería

2. justo

it started to rain just as I went out empezó a llover justo cuando salí de casa

you can leave the box just here puedes dejar la caja aquí mismo

I work just round the corner trabajo justo a la vuelta de la esquina

3. por poco

I just missed the train perdí el tren por muy poco

4. sólo

I just rang to say hello sólo he llamado para saludarte

just a minute un momento

to have just done something acabar de hacer algo

I've just arrived acabo de llegar

he had just heard the news acababa de oír la noticia

just yet todavía

it's not ready just yet todavía no está listo

just

tr[ʤʌst]

adjective

1 (fair) justo,-a

■ a just man un hombre justo

2 (justifiable) fundado,-a, justificado,-a

■ just criticism una crítica justificada

3 (deserved) merecido,-a

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to get one's just desserts llevar su merecido

————————

just

tr[ʤʌst]

adverb

1 (exactly) exactamente, precisamente, justo

■ just as I expected tal como esperaba

■ just as you like como quieras

■ just over there allí mismo

■ this is just what I needed esto es justo lo que necesitaba

2 (only) solamente, sólo

■ just a moment, please un momento, por favor

■ no sugar for me, please, just milk no quiero azúcar, gracias, sólo leche

■ don't worry, it's just a scratch! ¡no te preocupes, no es más que un rasguño!

3 (barely) apenas, por poco

■ I ran all the way and (only) just caught the bus fui corriendo y cogí el autobús por poco

4 (right now) en este momento

■ I'm just finishing it lo acabo ahora mismo

5 (simply) sencillamente

■ we could just stay here and wait for her pues, sencillamente podríamos quedarnos aquí y esperarla

6 (for emphasis)

■ I just don't know es que no lo sé

■ he's just as clever as you are él es tan inteligente como tú

7 (used to interrupt)

■ just shut up, will you? ¡cállese, por favor!

8 familiar (really) realmente, verdaderamente

■ the weather's just marvellous hace un tiempo realmente maravilloso

phrase to have just + pres part

1 acabar de + infin

■ he has just telephoned acaba de telefonear

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

just about prácticamente

just as well menos mal

just in case por si acaso

just like that! ¡sin más!

just so (tidy) ordenado,-a, arreglado,-a 2 (as a reply) sí, exactamente

just then en ese momento

just the same (not different) exactamente igual 2 (nevertheless) sin embargo, no obstante

just the thing justo lo que hacía falta

just ['ʤʌst] adv

1) exactly: justo, precisamente, exactamente

2) possibly: posiblemente

it just might work: tal vez resulte

3) barely: justo, apenas

just in time: justo a tiempo

4) only: sólo, solamente, nada más

just us: sólo nosotros

5) quite: muy, simplemente

it's just horrible!: ¡qué horrible!

6)

to have just (done something) : acabar de (hacer algo)

he just called: acaba de llamar

just adj

: justo

♦ justly adv

just

adj.

• debido, -a adj.

• derecho, -a adj.

• entero, -a adj.

• equitativo, -a adj.

• justiciero, -a adj.

• justo, -a adj.

• lícito, -a adj.

• recto, -a adj.

• sólo, -a adj.

adv.

• apenas adv.

• casi no adv.

• justamente adv.

• justo adv.

• no más que adv.

• recién adv.

• sólo adv.

I dʒʌst
adjective <decision/person> justo

II

adverb

1)

a) ( in recent past)

she's just left — se acaba de ir, recién se fue (AmL)

she'd only just finished — acababa de terminar, recién había terminado (AmL)

just married — recién casados

just recently I've begun to notice that... — últimamente he empezado a darme cuenta de que...

b) (now, at the moment)

she's just on her way — está en camino

I was just about to leave when he called — estaba a punto de salir cuando llamó

2)

a) ( barely) justo

I arrived just in time — llegué justo a tiempo

it's only just over the recommended minimum — está apenas por encima del mínimo recomendado

I just missed him — no lo vi por poco or por apenas unos minutos

b) ( a little)

just above the knee — justo or apenas encima de la rodilla

I waited just outside the shop — esperé en la puerta de la tienda

3)

a) ( only) sólo

I'll be with you in just a moment — enseguida or en un segundo estoy con usted

there's just one left — queda sólo uno, queda uno nomás (AmL)

just a moment, you're confusing two issues there — un momento: estás confundiendo dos problemas distintos

I went there just once — fui sólo una vez

she was just three when her father died — tenía apenas or sólo tres años cuando murió su padre

would you like some more? - just a little, please — ¿quieres más? - bueno, un poquito

just occasionally — muy de vez en cuando

b) ( simply)

I just stopped by to say hello — pasé para saludarte

that's just gossip — no son más que chismes, son puros chismes (fam)

they're just friends — no son más que amigos, sólo son amigos

it's just one of those things — son cosas que pasan

just because he's famous doesn't mean he can be rude — (colloq) el hecho de que sea famoso no le da derecho a ser grosero

just follow the instructions on the packet — simplemente siga las instrucciones impresas en el paquete

I'll just have to pack up and go — no me queda otro remedio que hacer la maleta e irme

he'll just make things worse — lo único que hará será empeorar las cosas

4)

a) (exactly, precisely)

it's just what I wanted — es justo or precisamente or exactamente lo que quería

the temperature was just right — la temperatura era la perfecta

just my luck! — me tenía que pasar a mí!

b) ( equally)

the desserts were just as good as the rest of the meal — los postres estuvieron tan buenos como el resto de la comida

it's just as well you're leaving — menos mal que te vas

5) ( emphatic use)

I just can't understand it — simplemente no lo entiendo

I just adore champagne — a mí me encanta el champán

I'm feeling just fine now — ahora me siento muy bien

just leave it here — déjelo aquí, déjelo aquí nomás (AmL)

regret it? don't I just! — ¿que si me arrepiento? si me arrepentiré...!

just you wait, you little rascal! — ya vas a ver, bandido!

just go away, will you? — mira, vete, hazme el favor

6)

a) ( giving explanation)

it's just that... — lo que pasa es que...

b) ( indicating possibility)

it may just happen — podría suceder

7)

just about: I've just about finished now casi he terminado, prácticamente he terminado; did you get enough to eat? - just about — ¿te dieron bastante de comer? - más o menos

I [dʒʌst]
1. ADJ

1) (=fair) [person, system] justo

as is only just — como es justo, como es de razón

2) (=deserved) [praise, reward] merecido; [punishment] apropiado, justo

3) (=justified) [complaint, criticism] justificado; [opinion] lógico; deserts

4) (=accurate) [account] correcto; [assessment] correcto, exacto

2.

NPL

the just — los justos

II

[dʒʌst]
ADVERB
1) (relating to time)

a) (=at this moment) ahora mismo

we're just off — nos vamos ahora mismo

I'm just coming! — ¡ya voy!

"have some tea!" - "actually, I was just going" — -tómate un té -en realidad ya me iba

b) (=at that moment) justo

he was just leaving when the phone rang — estaba justo saliendo cuando sonó el teléfono

c) (=recently, a moment ago)

we were just talking about that — precisamente or ahora mismo estábamos hablando de eso

• just cooked — recién hecho

• it's just gone 10 o'clock — acaban de dar las diez

• to have just done sth — acabar de hacer algo

he has just left — acaba de irse

he had just left — acababa de irse

• just married — recién casados

• the book is just out — el libro acaba de salir

• it's just past 10 o'clock — acaban de dar las diez

d) (in expressions specifying "when")

• just after I arrived — poco después de mi llegada

just after Christmas — justo después de Navidad

it's just after 9 o'clock — son las nueve un poco pasadas

• just as I arrived — justo cuando yo llegaba

just as it started to rain — justo cuando empezó a llover, en el momento en que empezó a llover

• just before I arrived — poco antes de mi llegada

just before Christmas — justo antes de Navidad

• I saw him just this minute — lo he visto hace un momento

I've just this minute finished it — acabo de terminarlo en este momento

• just at that moment — en ese mismo momento or instante

• just this morning — esta misma mañana

• just when it was going well... — precisamente or justamente cuando iba bien...

• just yesterday — ayer mismo

• "are you leaving?" - "not just yet" — -¿te vas? -aún or todavía no
now 1., 6), recently, then 1., 1)
2) (=barely) por poco

we (only) just missed it — lo perdimos por muy poco

I (only) just caught it — lo alcancé por un pelo, por poco lo pierdo

• we had just enough money — teníamos el dinero justo

• he missed the train, but only just — perdió el tren, pero por poco

he passed, but only just — aprobó pero por los pelos

• we arrived just in time — por poco no llegamos, llegamos justo a tiempo

3) (=slightly)

• just over/ under two kilos — un poco más de/menos de dos kilos

it's just over/under two kilos — pasa de/no llega a los dos kilos

• just to the left/right — un poco más a la izquierda/derecha

just to one side — a un lado

4) (=exactly) justo, exactamente

it's just my size — es justo or exactamente mi talla

it's just the same — es justo or exactamente igual

just here/there — aquí/ahí mismo

just behind/in front of/next to etc — justo detrás/delante de/al lado de etc

it's just (on) 10 (o'clock) — son las diez en punto

it cost just (on) £20 — me costó veinte libras justas

just how many we don't know — no sabemos exactamente cuántos

• that's just it! — ¡ahí está! *, ¡esa es la cuestión!

• he's just like his father — (physically, in behaviour) es idéntico a su padre

that's just like him, always late — es típico (de él), siempre llega tarde

they are just like brothers — son como hermanos

they have their problems just like the rest of us — tienen sus problemas, exactamente igual que el resto de nosotros

I can't find £1,000 just like that — no puedo conseguir mil libras así sin más

• that's just the point! — ¡ahí está! *, ¡esa es la cuestión!

• he likes everything just so * — le gusta que todo esté perfecto

• it's just what I wanted — es justo or precisamente lo que quería

that's just what I thought — eso es justo or precisamente lo que pensé

just what did he say? — ¿qué dijo exactamente?

just what are you implying? — ¿qué es exactamente lo que estás insinuando?
luck, right 1., 2)
5) (=only) solo, sólo, nomás (LAm)
In the past the standard spelling for solo as an adverb was with an accent (sólo). Nowadays the Real Academia Española advises that the accented form is only required where there might otherwise be confusion with the adjective solo.

they were just 15 when they got married — tenían solo or nada más 15 años cuando se casaron

he's just a lad — no es más que un chaval, es solo un chaval

it's just a mouse — es solo un ratón

don't take any notice of her, she's just jealous — no le hagas ni caso, lo que está es celosa or lo que pasa es que está celosa

• it's just around the corner — está a la vuelta de la esquina

• I just asked! — hum ¡preguntaba nada más!

• just a few — solo unos pocos, unos pocos nada más

• just a little — solo un poco, un poco nada más

• just once — una vez nada más, solamente or solo una vez

• it's just over there — está ahí mismo

• it's just a suggestion — es solo una sugerencia

• he's just teasing — solo está bromeando, está bromeando, nada más

• just this once — solo esta vez

• we went just to see the museum — fuimos solo para ver el museo

• just the two of us — los dos solos, solo nosotros dos

• I just wanted to say that... — solo quería decir que...
friend, note 1., 3)
6) (=simply) sencillamente

I just told him to go away — le dije sencillamente que se fuera

just ask the way — simplemente pregunta por dónde se va

I'm just phoning to remind you that... — solo llamo para recordarte que...

let's just wait and see — es mejor esperar a ver (qué pasa)

you should just send it back — deberías devolverlo sin más

he just couldn't wait to see them — tenía unas ganas enormes de verlos

• it's just one of those things * — son cosas que pasan

• it's just that I don't like it — lo que pasa es que no me gusta

• I just thought that you would like it — yo pensé que te gustaría
because 1., imagine 2), wonder 2.
7) (=specially) solo, sólo

• I did it just for you — lo hice solo por ti

8) (=conceivably)

it may just be possible — puede que sea posible

it's an old trick, but it could just work — es un viejo truco, pero puede que funcione

9) (in comparisons)

• just as — tan

it's just as good as yours — es tan bueno como el tuyo

you sing just as well as he does — cantas tan bien como él

the new one is just as big — el nuevo es igual de grande

this model goes just as fast — este modelo va igual de rápido

10) (in imperatives)

• just let me get my hands on him! * — ¡cómo lo coja!, ¡con que lo agarre! (LAm)

• just listen to that rain! — ¡escucha or fíjate cómo llueve!

just listen a minute, will you? — ¡escúchame un momento!, ¿quieres?

• just look at this mess! — ¡fíjate qué desorden!

• just wait a minute! — ¡espera un momento!

just you wait, he'll come sure enough — (reassuringly) espera hombre, ya verás cómo viene

just (you) wait until I tell your father — (threateningly) ya verás cuando se lo cuente a tu padre, espera (nomás (LAm)) a que se lo cuente a tu padre

• just you do! * —

• just you try it! * —

• just you dare! * — ¡inténtalo si te atreves!

11) (emphatic)

she's just amazing! — es una mujer increíble

"that dress is awful" - "isn't it just?" * — -ese vestido es francamente horrible -¡y tanto!

• we're managing just fine — nos apañamos perfectamente

• it's just perfect! — ¡es absolutamente perfecto!
plain 1., 3)
12) (imagining something)

• I can just hear the roars of laughter — me puedo imaginar muy bien or perfectamente las carcajadas

• I can just imagine her reaction — me imagino muy bien or perfectamente su reacción

• I can just see her face if I told her — me puedo imaginar muy bien or perfectamente la cara que pondría si se lo dijese

13) (in set expressions)

• just about, I've just about finished this work — estoy a punto de terminar este trabajo

it's just about finished — está casi terminado

I think that it was just about here that I saw him — creo que yo estaba más o menos aquí cuando lo vi

I've just about had enough of this noise! * — ¡estoy ya más que harto de este ruido!

to be just about to do sth — estar a punto de hacer algo

I was just about to phone — estaba a punto de llamar

• come just as you are — ven tal como estás

leave it just as it is — déjalo tal como está

just as you wish — como usted quiera

just as I thought! — ¡ya me lo figuraba or imaginaba!, ¡lo que yo me figuraba or imaginaba!

• just in case — por si acaso

just in case it rains — por si acaso llueve, por si llueve

I've prepared some extra food, just in case — he preparado comida de más, por si las moscas * or por si acaso

• just a minute!, just one moment! — (=coming) ¡un momento, por favor!, ¡voy!

just a minute, I don't know if I agree with that... — un momento, no sé si estoy de acuerdo con eso...

• just the same, I'd rather... — de todas formas, prefiero...

• that's just too bad! — iro ¡qué lástima!, ¡qué mala pata! *

• it's just as well — menos mal

it's just as well it's insured — menos mal que está asegurado

I wasn't expecting much, which was just as well — no esperaba mucho, y menos mal

it would be just as well if we checked the prices — más valdría que comprobásemos los precios
happen, soon
* * *

I [dʒʌst]
adjective <decision/person> justo

II

adverb

1)

a) ( in recent past)

she's just left — se acaba de ir, recién se fue (AmL)

she'd only just finished — acababa de terminar, recién había terminado (AmL)

just married — recién casados

just recently I've begun to notice that... — últimamente he empezado a darme cuenta de que...

b) (now, at the moment)

she's just on her way — está en camino

I was just about to leave when he called — estaba a punto de salir cuando llamó

2)

a) ( barely) justo

I arrived just in time — llegué justo a tiempo

it's only just over the recommended minimum — está apenas por encima del mínimo recomendado

I just missed him — no lo vi por poco or por apenas unos minutos

b) ( a little)

just above the knee — justo or apenas encima de la rodilla

I waited just outside the shop — esperé en la puerta de la tienda

3)

a) ( only) sólo

I'll be with you in just a moment — enseguida or en un segundo estoy con usted

there's just one left — queda sólo uno, queda uno nomás (AmL)

just a moment, you're confusing two issues there — un momento: estás confundiendo dos problemas distintos

I went there just once — fui sólo una vez

she was just three when her father died — tenía apenas or sólo tres años cuando murió su padre

would you like some more? - just a little, please — ¿quieres más? - bueno, un poquito

just occasionally — muy de vez en cuando

b) ( simply)

I just stopped by to say hello — pasé para saludarte

that's just gossip — no son más que chismes, son puros chismes (fam)

they're just friends — no son más que amigos, sólo son amigos

it's just one of those things — son cosas que pasan

just because he's famous doesn't mean he can be rude — (colloq) el hecho de que sea famoso no le da derecho a ser grosero

just follow the instructions on the packet — simplemente siga las instrucciones impresas en el paquete

I'll just have to pack up and go — no me queda otro remedio que hacer la maleta e irme

he'll just make things worse — lo único que hará será empeorar las cosas

4)

a) (exactly, precisely)

it's just what I wanted — es justo or precisamente or exactamente lo que quería

the temperature was just right — la temperatura era la perfecta

just my luck! — me tenía que pasar a mí!

b) ( equally)

the desserts were just as good as the rest of the meal — los postres estuvieron tan buenos como el resto de la comida

it's just as well you're leaving — menos mal que te vas

5) ( emphatic use)

I just can't understand it — simplemente no lo entiendo

I just adore champagne — a mí me encanta el champán

I'm feeling just fine now — ahora me siento muy bien

just leave it here — déjelo aquí, déjelo aquí nomás (AmL)

regret it? don't I just! — ¿que si me arrepiento? si me arrepentiré...!

just you wait, you little rascal! — ya vas a ver, bandido!

just go away, will you? — mira, vete, hazme el favor

6)

a) ( giving explanation)

it's just that... — lo que pasa es que...

b) ( indicating possibility)

it may just happen — podría suceder

7)

just about: I've just about finished now casi he terminado, prácticamente he terminado; did you get enough to eat? - just about — ¿te dieron bastante de comer? - más o menos

English-spanish dictionary > just
13 last

I
1.
adjective
1) (coming at the end: We set out on the last day of November; He was last in the race; He caught the last bus home.) último

2) (most recent; next before the present: Our last house was much smaller than this; last year/month/week.) último

3) (coming or remaining after all the others: He was the last guest to leave.) último

2. adverb
(at the end of or after all the others: He took his turn last.) en último lugar

- lastly
- at long last
- at last
- hear
- see the last of
- the last person
- the last straw
- the last thing
- the last word
- on one's last legs
- to the last
II
verb
1) (to continue to exist: This situation lasted until she got married; I hope this fine weather lasts.) durar

2) (to remain in good condition or supply: This carpet has lasted well; The bread won't last another two days - we'll need more; This coat will last me until I die.) durar

•

- lasting
- last out

last¹ adj

1. pasado

they got married last week se casaron la semana pasada

2. último

what time is the last train? ¿a qué hora sale el último tren?

at last por fin

at last!, where have you been? ¡por fin!, ¿dónde has estado?

last² adv

1. último

who arrived last? ¿quién llegó el último? / ¿quién fue el último en llegar?

2. por última vez

when did you last see your father? ¿cuándo fue la última vez que viste a tu padre?

last³ vb durar

the class lasts one hour la clase dura una hora / la clase es de una hora

good shoes last longer los zapatos buenos duran más

last

tr[lɑːst]

adjective

1 (final) último,-a

2 (most recent) último,-a

■ the last time la última vez

3 (past) pasado,-a; (previous) anterior

■ last Monday el lunes pasado

■ last night anoche

■ last week la semana pasada

■ the night before last anteanoche

■ the month/year before last hace dos meses/años

■ she's been studying hard for the last week hace una semana que estudia mucho

■ Spielberg's new film is much better than his last one la nueva película de Spielberg es mucho mejor que la anterior

adverb

1 por última vez

■ that's when he last came to see me eso es cuando me vino a ver por última vez

2 (at the end) en último lugar; (in race) en última posición

■ who came last in the 1000 metres? ¿quién acabó último en la carrera de los 1000 metros?

noun

1 (person) el/la último,-a; (thing) lo último

■ are you the last? ¿eres tú el último?

■ the first shall be last and the last shall be first los primeros serán los últimos y los últimos serán los primeros

■ he drank the last of the wine se bebió lo que quedaba del vino

■ the last I heard he was back in Ireland lo último que sé es que volvió a Irlanda

■ I'm sure we haven't heard the last of it estoy seguro de que aquí no se ha acabado la historia

intransitive verb

1 (continue) durar; (hold out) aguantar, resistir

transitive verb

1 durar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

at last al fin, por fin

at long last por fin

if it's the last thing I do cueste lo que cueste, aunque sea lo último que haga

last but not least por último lugar, pero no por eso menos importante

last but one penúltimo,-a

to be the last straw familiar ser el colmo

to be the last word familiar ser el último grito

to breathe one's last dar el último suspiro

to have seen the last of somebody haber visto a alguien por última vez

to have the last word decir la última palabra

to the last hasta el final

the Last Judgment el Juicio Final

the last rites la extremaunción nombre femenino

————————

last

tr[lɑːst]

noun

1 (shoemaker's) horma

last ['læst] vi

1) continue: durar

how long will it last?: ¿cuánto durará?

2) endure: aguantar, durar

3) survive: durar, sobrevivir

4) suffice: durar, bastar

last vt

1) : durar

it will last a lifetime: durará toda la vida

2)

to last out : aguantar

last adv

1) : en último lugar, al último

we came in last: llegamos en último lugar

2) : por última vez, la última vez

I saw him last in Bogota: lo vi por última vez en Bogotá

3) finally: por último, en conclusión

last adj

1) final: último, final

2) previous: pasado

last year: el año pasado

last n

1) : el último, la última, lo último

at last: por fin, al fin, finalmente

2) : horma f (de zapatero)

last

adj.

• extremo, -a adj.

• pasado, -a adj.

• por último adj.

• postrero, -a adj.

• postrimero, -a adj.

• supremo, -a adj.

• último, -a adj.

n.

• fin s.m.

v.

• aguantar v.

• continuar v.

• durar v.

• humear v.

• resistir v.

• subsistir v.

læst, lɑːst
I

adjective

1)

a) ( in series) <chapter/lap> último

the second to last door, the last door but one — la penúltima puerta

I do it last thing at night — es lo último que hago antes de acostarme

to be last — (in race, on arrival) ser* el último (en llegar), llegar* el último or (CS) llegar* último

to be last to + INF — ser* el último en + inf

b) (final, ultimate) <chance/day> último

at the very last minute o moment — en el último momento, a última hora

the last rites o sacraments — la extremaunción

c) ( only remaining) último

I'm down to my last few dollars — sólo me quedan unos pocos dólares

2) (previous, most recent) (before n)

last Tuesday — el martes pasado

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas

in my last letter — en mi última carta

the last time I went — la última vez que fui

3) ( least likely or suitable)

that was the last thing I expected to hear from you — es lo que menos me esperaba que me dijeras

that's the last thing I'd do! — no se me ocurriría hacer eso!; laugh II, leg I 1), straw a)

II

pronoun

1)

a) (in series, sequence) último, -ma m,f

the last to + INF — el último/la última/los últimos/las últimas en + inf

the last I remember — lo último que recuerdo

we haven't heard the last of him/it — nos va a seguir dando guerra, ya verás

to breathe one's last — (liter) exhalar el último suspiro

b) ( only remaining)

the last OF something: the last of its kind el último de su clase; that's the last of the jam — esa es toda la mermelada que queda

c) (in phrases) (liter)

at the last — al final

to o until the last — hasta el último momento, hasta el final

2) ( preceding one)

the night before last — anteanoche, antenoche (AmL)

at the meeting before last — en la penúltima reunión

each hill seemed steeper than the last — cada colina parecía más empinada que la anterior

III

adverb

1)

a) ( at the end)

I went in last — fui el último en entrar, entré el último, entré último (CS)

our team came o finished last — nuestro equipo quedó en último lugar or (CS tb) terminó último

b) (finally, in conclusion)

last of all — por último, lo último (de todo)

and last but not least — y por último, pero no por eso menos importante

c) (in phrases)

at last — por fin, al fin

at long last — por fin, finalmente

2) ( most recently)

she was last seen a year ago — la última vez que se la vio fue hace un año

when did you last see him o see him last? — ¿cuándo fue la última vez que lo viste?

IV

noun ( for shoemaking) horma f

V
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( continue) durar

it lasted (for) three hours — duró tres horas

b) (endure, survive) durar

he wouldn't last five minutes in the army — no aguantaría or no duraría ni cinco minutos en el ejército

2) ( be sufficient) durar

to make something last — hacer* durar algo

3) ( remain usable) durar

it will last (for) a lifetime — durará toda la vida

2.

vt durar

we have enough fuel to last us — el combustible que tenemos nos durará

Phrasal Verbs:

- last out

I [lɑːst]
1. ADJ

1) (=most recent) último

I've seen her twice in the last week — la he visto dos veces en la última semana

the last few weeks have been hectic — las últimas semanas han sido muy ajetreadas

over the last few months — durante los últimos meses

he hasn't been seen these last two years — no se lo ha visto en los últimos dos años

2) (=previous) (referring to specific occasion) [Christmas, Easter] pasado; [time, meeting, birthday] último

last Christmas we went to my mother's — las Navidades pasadas fuimos a casa de mi madre

the last time we went, it rained — la última vez que fuimos, llovió

on Monday last — frm el pasado lunes

last Friday/month/year — el viernes/el mes/el año pasado

this time last year — el año pasado por estas fechas

last week — la semana pasada

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas
night 1., 1)
3) (=final) último

the last Friday of the month — el último viernes del mes

the last Sunday before Christmas — el último domingo antes de Navidad

the last door on the right — la última puerta a la derecha

the last three pages of the book — las tres últimas paginas del libro

he spent the last few years of his life here — pasó los últimos años de su vida aquí

• last but one — penúltimo

• down to the last detail — hasta el más mínimo detalle, hasta el último detalle

• the Last Judg(e)ment — el Juicio Final

• to fight to the last man — (lit, fig) luchar hasta el último aliento

• I was the last person to arrive/to see him alive — fui la última en llegar/la última persona que lo vió vivo

• I'm down to my last pound — solo me queda una libra

• the last rites — (Rel) la extremaunción

• second to last — antepenúltimo

• last thing at night — antes de acostarse

I'll finish it if it's the last thing I do — ¡lo terminaré aunque sea la última cosa que haga en esta vida!

• that was the last time I saw him — esa fue la última vez que lo vi

for the last time, shut up! — ¡cállate, y que sea la última vez que te lo digo!

- be on it's/one's last legs

4) (=least likely)

• you're the last person I'd trust with it — lo confiaría a cualquiera menos a ti, eres la última persona a la que se lo confiaría

I would be the last person to stand in your way — yo soy la que menos me interprondía en tu camino, yo soy la última persona que se interpondría en tu camino

• that was the last thing I expected — eso era lo que menos me esperaba

at 32, retirement is the last thing on his mind — con 32 años, jubilarse es lo último en que piensa

2. PRON

1) (of series) último

he was the last of the Tudors — fue el último de los Tudores

that was the last I saw of him — después de aquello no volví a verlo más

the last we heard of him he was in Rio — según las últimas noticias estaba en Río

if we don't go we shall never hear the last of it — si no vamos no dejarán de recordárnoslo

you haven't heard the last of this! — ¡esto no se acaba aquí!, ¡esto no se va a quedar así!

to be the last (one) to do sth — ser el último en hacer algo

we're always the last to know — siempre somos los últimos en enterarnos

• the last but one — el/la penúltimo(-a)

• to leave sth till last — dejar algo para lo último or el final

• to look one's last on sth — liter ver algo por última vez

• to the last — hasta el final
breathe 1., 1)
2) (=previous one)

each one is better than the last — son cada vez mejores

• the night before last — anteanoche

the week before last — la semana anterior a la pasada, la semana pasada no, la anterior

the Saturday before last — el sábado anterior al pasado, el sábado pasado no, el anterior

it was the question before last that I found difficult — la pregunta que me resultó difícil fue la penúltima

3) (=all that remains)

this is the last of the bread/wine — esto es lo que queda de pan/vino

he was the last of his kind, a true professional — fue el último de los de su clase, un verdadero profesional

4)

• at last — por fin

• at long last the search was over — por fin la búsqueda había concluido

3. ADV

1) (=finally)

• last of all, take out the screws — por último, saca los tornillos

• last but not least — por último, pero no por ello menos importante

2) (=in last place, at the end)

he was or came last in the 100 metres — terminó en último lugar or en última posición en los 100 metros

to arrive last — llegar el or (LAm) al último

• last in, first out — los últimos en llegar son a los que despiden los primeros

3) (=most recently)

• when I last saw them — la última vez que las vi

he was last seen in Brighton — se lo vio por última vez en Brighton

I last saw her in 1987 — la vi por última vez en 1987

II [lɑːst]
1. VI

1) (=continue) durar

it lasts (for) two hours — dura dos horas

the trial is expected to last (for) three weeks — se espera que el juicio dure tres semanas

the symptoms can last (for) up to a week — los síntomas pueden persistir hasta una semana

• nothing lasts forever — nada dura para siempre

• it's too good to last, it can't last — esto no puede durar

2) (=survive) durar

the previous boss only lasted a week — el jefe anterior solamente duró una semana

he wouldn't have lasted ten minutes in those conditions — no hubiera durado or aguantado ni diez minutos en esas condiciones

he won't last the night (out) — no sobrevivirá hasta la mañana

3) (=be enough) durar

how long will the gas last? — ¿hasta cuándo durará or alcanzará el gas?

the town has enough water to last a fortnight — la ciudad tiene agua suficiente para dos semanas

• "only available while stocks last" — (Comm) "solo hasta que se agoten las existencias"

4) (=remain usable) durar

this material will last (for) years — esta tela durará años

• more expensive batteries last longer — las pilas más caras duran más

• made to last — hecho para que dure

2.

VT durar

this amount should last you (for) a week — esta cantidad debería durarte una semana

• it will last you a lifetime — te durará toda la vida

I've had enough publicity to last me a lifetime! — ¡me han dado publicidad suficiente para toda una vida!

- last out

III

[lɑːst]
N (in shoemaking) horma f
- stick to your last!

* * *
[læst, lɑːst]
I

adjective

1)

a) ( in series) <chapter/lap> último

the second to last door, the last door but one — la penúltima puerta

I do it last thing at night — es lo último que hago antes de acostarme

to be last — (in race, on arrival) ser* el último (en llegar), llegar* el último or (CS) llegar* último

to be last to + INF — ser* el último en + inf

b) (final, ultimate) <chance/day> último

at the very last minute o moment — en el último momento, a última hora

the last rites o sacraments — la extremaunción

c) ( only remaining) último

I'm down to my last few dollars — sólo me quedan unos pocos dólares

2) (previous, most recent) (before n)

last Tuesday — el martes pasado

this time last week — la semana pasada a estas horas

in my last letter — en mi última carta

the last time I went — la última vez que fui

3) ( least likely or suitable)

that was the last thing I expected to hear from you — es lo que menos me esperaba que me dijeras

that's the last thing I'd do! — no se me ocurriría hacer eso!; laugh II, leg I 1), straw a)

II

pronoun

1)

a) (in series, sequence) último, -ma m,f

the last to + INF — el último/la última/los últimos/las últimas en + inf

the last I remember — lo último que recuerdo

we haven't heard the last of him/it — nos va a seguir dando guerra, ya verás

to breathe one's last — (liter) exhalar el último suspiro

b) ( only remaining)

the last OF something: the last of its kind el último de su clase; that's the last of the jam — esa es toda la mermelada que queda

c) (in phrases) (liter)

at the last — al final

to o until the last — hasta el último momento, hasta el final

2) ( preceding one)

the night before last — anteanoche, antenoche (AmL)

at the meeting before last — en la penúltima reunión

each hill seemed steeper than the last — cada colina parecía más empinada que la anterior

III

adverb

1)

a) ( at the end)

I went in last — fui el último en entrar, entré el último, entré último (CS)

our team came o finished last — nuestro equipo quedó en último lugar or (CS tb) terminó último

b) (finally, in conclusion)

last of all — por último, lo último (de todo)

and last but not least — y por último, pero no por eso menos importante

c) (in phrases)

at last — por fin, al fin

at long last — por fin, finalmente

2) ( most recently)

she was last seen a year ago — la última vez que se la vio fue hace un año

when did you last see him o see him last? — ¿cuándo fue la última vez que lo viste?

IV

noun ( for shoemaking) horma f

V
1.

intransitive verb

1)

a) ( continue) durar

it lasted (for) three hours — duró tres horas

b) (endure, survive) durar

he wouldn't last five minutes in the army — no aguantaría or no duraría ni cinco minutos en el ejército

2) ( be sufficient) durar

to make something last — hacer* durar algo

3) ( remain usable) durar

it will last (for) a lifetime — durará toda la vida

2.

vt durar

we have enough fuel to last us — el combustible que tenemos nos durará

Phrasal Verbs:

- last out

English-spanish dictionary > last
14 now

[naʊ] 1.
avverbio

1) adesso, ora

I'm doing it now — lo sto facendo adesso

they now have 5 children — ora hanno 5 figli

now I understand why — ora capisco il perché

I'll be more careful now — adesso farò più attenzione

2) (at once) adesso, subito

right now — proprio adesso

3) (with preposition)

before now — prima d'ora

you should have phoned her before now — avresti dovuto telefonarle prima

until now — finora

he should be finished by now — ormai dovrebbe avere finito

between now and next Friday — da qui a venerdì prossimo

between now and then — nel frattempo

5 days from now — da qui a 5 giorni, tra 5 giorni

from now on(wards) — d'ora in poi o avanti

that's enough for now — per il momento basta

goodbye for now — a presto

4) (in time expressions)

it's a week now since he left — è una settimana oggi che è partito

he could arrive any time o moment now — potrebbe arrivare da un momento all'altro

5) (at that moment, then)

it was now 4 pm — ormai erano le quattro (del pomeriggio)

by now it was too late — ormai era troppo tardi

6) (sometimes)

now fast, now slowly — ora velocemente, ora lentamente

(every) now and then o now and again — di quando in quando, di tanto in tanto, ogni tanto, a volte

7) (introducing a change)

now for the next question — passiamo alla domanda successiva

8) (introducing information, opinion)

now there's a man I can trust! — ecco un uomo di cui posso fidarmi!

now Paul would never do a thing like that — Paul non farebbe mai una cosa del genere

9) (in requests, warnings, reprimands)

careful now! — attenzione!

now let's see — allora, vediamo

now! now! — su!

come now! — dai! su!

there now, what did I tell you? — allora, cosa ti avevo detto?

now then, let's get down to work — bene, riprendiamo il lavoro
2.
congiunzione

now (that) — ora che

* * *
1. adverb
1) ((at) the present period of time: I am now living in England.) ora, adesso

2) (at once; immediately: I can't do it now - you'll have to wait.) adesso, subito

3) ((at) this moment: He'll be at home now; From now on, I shall be more careful about what I say to her.) adesso, ora

4) ((in stories) then; at that time: We were now very close to the city.) allora, ormai

5) (because of what has happened etc: I now know better than to trust her.) adesso, ora

6) (a word in explanations, warnings, commands, or to show disbelief: Now this is what happened; Stop that, now!; Do be careful, now.) dunque
2. conjunction
((often with that) because or since something has happened, is now true etc: Now that you are here, I can leave; Now you have left school, you will have to find a job.) ora (che)

- nowadays
- for now
- just now
- every now and then/again
- now and then/again
- now
- now!
- now then
* * *
[naʊ] 1.
avverbio

1) adesso, ora

I'm doing it now — lo sto facendo adesso

they now have 5 children — ora hanno 5 figli

now I understand why — ora capisco il perché

I'll be more careful now — adesso farò più attenzione

2) (at once) adesso, subito

right now — proprio adesso

3) (with preposition)

before now — prima d'ora

you should have phoned her before now — avresti dovuto telefonarle prima

until now — finora

he should be finished by now — ormai dovrebbe avere finito

between now and next Friday — da qui a venerdì prossimo

between now and then — nel frattempo

5 days from now — da qui a 5 giorni, tra 5 giorni

from now on(wards) — d'ora in poi o avanti

that's enough for now — per il momento basta

goodbye for now — a presto

4) (in time expressions)

it's a week now since he left — è una settimana oggi che è partito

he could arrive any time o moment now — potrebbe arrivare da un momento all'altro

5) (at that moment, then)

it was now 4 pm — ormai erano le quattro (del pomeriggio)

by now it was too late — ormai era troppo tardi

6) (sometimes)

now fast, now slowly — ora velocemente, ora lentamente

(every) now and then o now and again — di quando in quando, di tanto in tanto, ogni tanto, a volte

7) (introducing a change)

now for the next question — passiamo alla domanda successiva

8) (introducing information, opinion)

now there's a man I can trust! — ecco un uomo di cui posso fidarmi!

now Paul would never do a thing like that — Paul non farebbe mai una cosa del genere

9) (in requests, warnings, reprimands)

careful now! — attenzione!

now let's see — allora, vediamo

now! now! — su!

come now! — dai! su!

there now, what did I tell you? — allora, cosa ti avevo detto?

now then, let's get down to work — bene, riprendiamo il lavoro
2.
congiunzione

now (that) — ora che

English-Italian dictionary > now
15 early

1. adjective
früh

I am a bit early — ich bin etwas zu früh gekommen od. (ugs.) dran

the train was 10 minutes early — der Zug kam 10 Minuten zu früh

have an early night — früh ins Bett gehen

early riser — Frühaufsteher, der/-aufsteherin, die

at the earliest — frühestens

in the early afternoon/evening — am frühen Nachmittag/Abend

into the early hours — bis in die frühen Morgenstunden

at/from an early age — in jungen Jahren/von klein auf

at an early stage, in its early stages — im Frühstadium

an early work of an author — ein Frühwerk eines Autors
2. adverb
früh

early next week — Anfang der nächsten Woche

early next Wednesday — nächsten Mittwoch früh

early in June — Anfang Juni

as early as tomorrow — schon od. bereits morgen

the earliest I can come is Friday — ich kann frühestens Freitag kommen

early on — schon früh

earlier on this week/year — früher in der Woche/im Jahr

* * *
['ə:li] 1. adverb
1) (near the beginning (of a period of time etc): early in my life; early in the afternoon.) früh

2) (sooner than others; sooner than usual; sooner than expected or than the appointed time: He arrived early; She came an hour early.) zu früh
2. adjective
1) (belonging to, or happening, near the beginning of a period of time etc: early morning; in the early part of the century.) früh

2) (belonging to the first stages of development: early musical instruments.) frühzeitig

3) (happening etc sooner than usual or than expected: the baby's early arrival; It's too early to get up yet.) zu früh

4) (prompt: I hope for an early reply to my letter.) baldig

•

- academic.ru/23091/earliness">earliness
- early bird
* * *

ear·ly

<-ier, -iest or more \early, most \early>

[ˈɜ:li, AM ˈɜ:r-]

I. adj

1. (in the day) früh

she usually has an \early breakfast sie frühstückt meistens zeitig

\early edition Morgenausgabe f

the \early hours die frühen Morgenstunden

in the \early morning am frühen Morgen

\early morning call Weckruf m

\early riser Frühaufsteher(in) m(f)

2. (of a period) früh, Früh-

she is in her \early thirties sie ist Anfang dreißig

in the \early afternoon am frühen Nachmittag

at an \early age in jungen Jahren

from an \early age von klein auf

in the \early 15th century Anfang [o zu Beginn] des 15. Jahrhunderts

\early education Früherziehung f, Vorschulerziehung f

to score an \early goal ein frühes Tor erzielen

\early potatoes Frühkartoffeln pl

\early returns erste Wahlergebnisse

\early Romantic Frühromantiker(in) m(f)

\early stage Anfangsstadium nt, Frühstadium f

3. attr ( form: prompt) schnell, baldig

\early payment appreciated um baldige Zahlung wird gebeten

4. (ahead of expected time) vorzeitig; (comparatively early) [früh]zeitig

I took an \early train home from work today ich habe heute nach der Arbeit einen früheren Zug genommen

you are \early du bist früh dran fam

to have an \early dinner/lunch früh zu Abend/Mittag essen

to have an \early night früh schlafen [o zu Bett] gehen

\early parole vorzeitige [Haft]entlassung

\early retirement vorzeitiger [o vorgezogener] Ruhestand, Frühpension f ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

to take \early retirement vorzeitig in den Ruhestand gehen, in Frühpension gehen ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

5. attr (first) erste(r, s), frühe(r, s)

the \early Christians die ersten Christen

the E\early Church die Urkirche

the \early masters ART die frühen Meister

II. adv

1. (in the day) früh, zeitig

to get up [or rise] \early früh aufstehen

2. (in good time) vorzeitig

to arrive \early zeitig eintreffen

3. (ahead of expected time) vorzeitig; (prematurely) zu früh; (comparatively early) [früh]zeitig

the plane landed 20 minutes \early das Flugzeug landete 20 Minuten früher [als geplant]

to die \early früh sterben

4. (of a period) früh

I'll call you \early next Monday/tomorrow ich rufe dich Montag/morgen Vormittag an

\early [on] in life früh im Leben

\early in the week Anfang der Woche

\early in October Anfang Oktober

\early next week Anfang nächster Woche

* * *
['ɜːlɪ]
1. adv

1)

early (on) — früh

early in 1915/in February — Anfang 1915/Februar

early (on) in the year/(the) winter —

early (on) in the war — in der Anfangsphase des Krieges

early (on) in his/her/their etc life — in jungen Jahren

early (on) in the race — zu Anfang des Rennens

early (on) in the evening/morning —

he got up very early in the morning — er stand sehr früh (am Morgen) auf

she learned to read as early as four — sie lernte schon mit vier Jahren lesen

early this month/year —

early next month/year — Anfang nächsten Monats/Jahres

early today/this morning — heute früh

the earliest he can come is tomorrow — er kann frühestens morgen kommen

2) (= before the expected time) früher (als erwartet); (= before the appointed time) zu früh; (= earlier than usual) früh

she left ten minutes early — sie ist zehn Minuten früher gegangen

to be five minutes/an hour early —

he was early for the meeting — er kam zu früh zu der Besprechung

he left school early (went home) — er ging früher von der Schule nach Hause; (finished education) er ging vorzeitig von der Schule ab

to get up/go to bed early —

good morning, you're early today — guten Morgen, Sie sind heute ja früh dran

early to bed, early to rise (makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise) (Prov) — früh ins Bett und früh heraus, frommt dem Leib, dem Geist, dem Haus (Prov)

See:

→ bright

2. adj (+er)

1) früh

it was early evening when we finished — wir waren am frühen Abend fertig

we went for an early morning drive or a drive in the early morning — wir machten eine Spritztour am frühen Morgen

we had an early lunch — wir aßen früh zu Mittag

in early summer/autumn — zu Sommer-/Herbstanfang, im Frühsommer/Frühherbst

in early spring/winter — zu Frühlings-/Winteranfang

the early years/months/days — die ersten Jahre/Monate/Tage

early January/August etc — Anfang Januar/August etc

in the early 60s/1980s etc — Anfang der sechziger/achtziger etc Jahre or Sechziger-/Achtzigerjahre etc

to have an early night — früh ins Bett gehen

to keep early hours — früh ins Bett gehen und früh aufstehen

the early hours — die frühen Morgenstunden

until or into the early hours — bis in die frühen Morgenstunden

her early life — ihre jungen Jahre

his early work — seine frühen Werke, sein Frühwerk nt

at an early age — in jungen Jahren

from an early age — von klein auf

since early childhood — seit seiner/ihrer etc frühen Kindheit

in his early teens — im frühen Teenageralter

to be in one's early thirties/forties etc —

it's too early to say/to say whether... — es ist noch zu früh, um etwas zu sagen/um zu sagen, ob...

it is too early to know what his motives are —

it's too early for a final decision — es ist zu früh, um eine endgültige Entscheidung zu fällen

only her voice has changed from those early days — nur ihre Stimme ist anders als damals zu Anfang

it's early days (yet) (esp Brit) — wir/sie etc sind noch im Anfangsstadium

early identification (Med) — Früherkennung f

2) (= before expected time) flowers früh blühend; cabbage, peas etc, crop früh; death vorzeitig; marriage früh; menopause verfrüht

early vegetables — Frühgemüse nt

an early spring — ein zeitiger Frühling

3) (from historical perspective) settlers, man frühgeschichtlich

the early church —

early Christians — Urchristen pl

an early form of hypnotherapy — eine Frühform der Hypnotherapie

early baroque — Frühbarock m

4)

(= soon) at an early date — bald

at the earliest possible moment — so bald wie irgend möglich

to promise early delivery — baldige Lieferung versprechen

See:

→ convenience

* * *

early [ˈɜːlı; US ˈɜrliː]

A adv

1. früh, (früh)zeitig;

early in the day (year) früh am Tag (im Jahr);

early in the morning früh am Morgen, am frühen Morgen, frühmorgens;

early in life früh im Leben;

early in May Anfang Mai;

early in 1996 Anfang 1996;

early last week Anfang letzter Woche;

as early as May schon im Mai;

as early as the times of Chaucer schon zu Chaucers Zeiten;

early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise (Sprichwort) Morgenstunde hat Gold im Munde; → afternoon A

2. bald:

as early as possible so bald wie möglich

3. am Anfang:

early on

a) schon früh(zeitig),

b) bald;

early on in anfangs (gen)

4. a) zu früh:

he arrived an hour early

b) früher:

he left a few minutes early

B adj

1. früh, (früh)zeitig:

early riser, hum early bird Frühaufsteher(in);

be an early riser auch früh aufstehen;

the early bird catches ( oder gets) the worm (Sprichwort) Morgenstunde hat Gold im Munde;

keep early hours früh aufstehen und früh zu Bett gehen;

at this early stage schon jetzt;

the early summer der Frühsommer;

at an early hour zu früher Stunde;

it is still early days es ist noch zu früh am Tage;

in the early eighties (am) Anfang der Achtzigerjahre;

he’s in his early forties er ist Anfang der Vierziger

2. a) vorzeitig, früh:

her early death;

his early release seine vorzeitige Entlassung;

early school leaver Schulabbrecher(in)

b) vorgezogen (Wahl)

3. zu früh:

you are early today du bist heute (etwas) zu früh (daran);

he was born two months early er kam zwei Monate zu früh auf die Welt

4. früh, Jugend…:

in his early days in seiner Jugend

5. früh (reifend):

early fruit Frühobst n

6. anfänglich, Früh…, früh, erst(er, e, es):

early Christian frühchristlich;

the early Christians die ersten Christen, die Frühchristen;

early history Frühgeschichte f, frühe Geschichte;

early pace SPORT Anfangstempo n

7. baldig (Antwort etc)

* * *
1. adjective
früh

I am a bit early — ich bin etwas zu früh gekommen od. (ugs.) dran

the train was 10 minutes early — der Zug kam 10 Minuten zu früh

have an early night — früh ins Bett gehen

early riser — Frühaufsteher, der/-aufsteherin, die

at the earliest — frühestens

in the early afternoon/evening — am frühen Nachmittag/Abend

into the early hours — bis in die frühen Morgenstunden

at/from an early age — in jungen Jahren/von klein auf

at an early stage, in its early stages — im Frühstadium

an early work of an author — ein Frühwerk eines Autors
2. adverb
früh

early next week — Anfang der nächsten Woche

early next Wednesday — nächsten Mittwoch früh

early in June — Anfang Juni

as early as tomorrow — schon od. bereits morgen

the earliest I can come is Friday — ich kann frühestens Freitag kommen

early on — schon früh

earlier on this week/year — früher in der Woche/im Jahr

* * *

adj.

baldig adj.

früh adj.

zeitig adj.

English-german dictionary > early
16 -Organizing a meeting-

At work Organizing a meeting
Hi Tim, I'm glad I've caught you. Ciao Tim, sono contenta di essere riuscita a trovarti.

I've been meaning to speak to you. È da tempo che volevo parlarti.

What's up? Che succede?

We really need to sit down and go over the figures for next year's budget. Abbiamo davvero bisogno di sederci a tavolino e controllare le cifre del budget per l'anno prossimo.

Have you got an hour sometime this week? Hai un'ora in questa settimana?

I'm not sure when I'm free, offhand. Così su due piedi non so con sicurezza quando sarò libero.

I'll have to have a look in my diary. Devo dare un'occhiata alla mia agenda.

I'll have a look in my diary. Vado a dare un'occhiata alla mia agenda.

Have you got a minute? Hai un minuto?

Why don't I meet you by the coffee machine in five minutes? Perché non ci vediamo al distributore di caffè tra cinque minuti?

When can we meet to discuss the budget? Quando possiamo vederci per discutere del budget?

I was thinking of Thursday afternoon, anytime after three. Pensavo giovedì pomeriggio, a qualsiasi ora dalle tre in poi.

I'm going to Oxford to see a supplier, but I should be back by then. Vado a Oxford a incontrare un fornitore ma per quell'ora dovrei essere tornato.

Sorry, I can't do Thursday afternoon. Mi dispiace, giovedì pomeriggio non posso.

I've got a meeting with the sales team. Ho una riunione con il gruppo vendite.

Who knows when we'll finish. Chissà quando finiremo.

How about Friday morning, first thing? Che ne dici di venerdì mattina come prima cosa?

I'm meeting a client, but I hope to be finished by eleven. Devo incontrare un cliente ma spero di aver finito per le undici.

Shall we say 11.30 to be on the safe side? Facciamo alle 11:30 per essere sicuri?

11.30 it is then. Allora è deciso per le 11:30.

I'll book the conference room on the second floor. Prenoto la sala conferenze al secondo piano.

I'll send you all the figures via e-mail. Ti mando tutti i dati per e-mail.

That way you can have a good look at them before Friday. In questo modo potrai guardarli per bene prima di venerdì.

I'll see you Friday if I don't bump into you before. Ci vediamo venerdì se non ci incontriamo per caso prima.

See you Friday. A venerdì.

English-Italian dictionary > -Organizing a meeting-
17 through

[Ɵru:] 1. preposition
1) (into from one direction and out of in the other: The water flows through a pipe.) gennem

2) (from side to side or end to end of: He walked (right) through the town.) gennem

3) (from the beginning to the end of: She read through the magazine.) igennem

4) (because of: He lost his job through his own stupidity.) på grund af

5) (by way of: He got the job through a friend.) gennem

6) ((American) from... to (inclusive): I work Monday through Friday.) fra... til
2. adverb
(into and out of; from one side or end to the other; from beginning to end: He went straight/right through.) igennem
3. adjective
1) ((of a bus or train) that goes all the way to one's destination, so that one doesn't have to change (buses or trains): There isn't a through train - you'll have to change.) direkte

2) (finished: Are you through yet?) færdig

•

- throughout
4. adverb
(in every part: The house was furnished throughout.) hele vejen igennem

- all through
- soaked
- wet through
- through and through
- through with
* * *
[Ɵru:] 1. preposition
1) (into from one direction and out of in the other: The water flows through a pipe.) gennem

2) (from side to side or end to end of: He walked (right) through the town.) gennem

3) (from the beginning to the end of: She read through the magazine.) igennem

4) (because of: He lost his job through his own stupidity.) på grund af

5) (by way of: He got the job through a friend.) gennem

6) ((American) from... to (inclusive): I work Monday through Friday.) fra... til
2. adverb
(into and out of; from one side or end to the other; from beginning to end: He went straight/right through.) igennem
3. adjective
1) ((of a bus or train) that goes all the way to one's destination, so that one doesn't have to change (buses or trains): There isn't a through train - you'll have to change.) direkte

2) (finished: Are you through yet?) færdig

•

- throughout
4. adverb
(in every part: The house was furnished throughout.) hele vejen igennem

- all through
- soaked
- wet through
- through and through
- through with

English-Danish dictionary > through
18 next

nekst
1. adjective
(nearest in place, time etc: When you have called at that house, go on to the next one; The next person to arrive late will be sent away; Who is next on the list?) próximo, siguiente

2. adverb
(immediately after in place or time: John arrived first and Jane came next.) luego, a continuación, después

3. pronoun
(the person or thing nearest in place, time etc: Finish one question before you begin to answer the next; One minute he was sitting beside me - the next he was lying on the ground.) el siguiente

- next best
- biggest
- oldest
- next door
- next to

next¹ adj

1. próximo / siguiente / que viene

it's my birthday next week la semana que viene es mi cumpleaños

2. contiguo / de al lado

I'm in room 211 and my friend's in the next room yo estoy en la 211, y mi amigo está en la habitación de al lado

next² adv a continuación / luego

what did you say next? ¿qué dijiste luego?

what shall we do next? ¿qué hacemos ahora?

next to al lado de / junto a

the post office is next to the bank la oficina de correos está al lado del banco

next

tr[nekst]

adjective

1 (following - in order) próximo,-a, siguiente; (- in time) próximo,-a, que viene

■ the next street on the left la próxima calle a la izquierda

■ it's on the next page está en la página siguiente

■ not this stop, the next esta parada no, la siguiente

■ what time is the next bus to Leeds? ¿a qué hora pasa el próximo autobús para Leeds?

■ next Thursday «(Friday etc)» el próximo jueves (viernes etc), el jueves (viernes etc) que viene

■ next week/month/year la semana/el mes/el año que viene

2 (room, house, etc) de al lado

■ they live in the next house viven en la casa de al lado

adverb

1 luego, después, a continuación

■ what did you say next? ¿qué dijiste luego?

■ what do you want to de next? ¿qué quieres hacer ahora?

preposition next to

1 al lado de

■ it's next to the cinema está al lado del cine

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

next to nothing casi nada

next door al lado, la casa de al lado

■ they live next door viven (en la casa de) al lado

the next world el más allá nombre masculino, el otro mundo

next ['nɛkst] adv

1) afterward: después, luego

what will you do next?: ¿qué harás después?

2) now: después, ahora, entonces

next I will sing a song: ahora voy a cantar una canción

3) : la próxima vez

when next we meet: la próxima vez que nos encontremos

next adj

1) adjacent: contiguo, de al lado

2) coming: que viene, próximo

next Friday: el viernes que viene

3) following: siguiente

the next year: el año siguiente

next

adj.

• cerca adj.

• de al lado adj.

• entrante adj.

• inmediato, -a adj.

• próximo, -a adj.

• siguiente adj.

• venidero, -a adj.

adv.

• después adv.

• la próxima vez adv.

• luego adv.

I nekst
adjective

a) ( in time - talking about the future) próximo; (- talking about the past) siguiente

I'll see you next month/Thursday — nos vemos el mes/el jueves que viene or el mes/el jueves próximo

the matter will be/was discussed at the next meeting — el asunto se tratará en la próxima reunión/se trató en la reunión siguiente

the week after next — la semana que viene no, la otra or la siguiente

I'll have been here two months next Tuesday — el martes que viene hará dos meses que estoy aquí

from one day to the next — de un día para otro

b) ( in position) siguiente

I'm getting off at the next stop — me bajo en la próxima or la siguiente parada

the nearest station is in the next village — la estación más cercana queda en el pueblo de al lado

take the next turning on the right — tome la próxima or la siguiente a la derecha

c) ( in sequence)

who's next? — ¿quién sigue?, ¿a quién le toca?

next(, please)! — ( at doctor's) el siguiente, por favor

excuse me, I was o I'm next — perdone, me toca a mí

have you got the next size up/down? — ¿tiene una talla más grande/más pequeña?

to be (the) next to + inf: you're the next to speak — luego te toca a ti hablar, tú eres el próximo orador

II

adverb

1)

a) ( then) luego, después

what did you do/say next? — ¿y luego or después qué hiciste/dijiste?

b) ( now)

what shall we do next? — ¿y ahora qué hacemos?

what comes next? — ¿qué sigue (ahora)?

whatever next! — adónde vamos (a ir) a parar!

c) ( the first time after now)

when you see me next o when you next see me — la próxima vez que me veas

2) ( second)

Tom is the tallest in the class, Bob the next tallest — Tom es el más alto de la clase y (a Tom) le sigue Bob

it's the next best thing to champagne — después del champán, es lo mejor que hay

3) next to

a) ( beside) al lado de

we live next to the hospital — vivimos al lado del hospital

come and sit next to me — ven y siéntate a mi lado or junto a mí

b) ( compared with) al lado de

c) ( second)

the next to last page — la penúltima página

d) (almost, virtually)

I bought it for next to nothing — lo compré por poquísimo dinero

I'll have it ready in next to no time — lo termino en un segundo

[nekst]
1. ADJ

1) (of time) (in future) próximo; (in past) siguiente

he retires next January — se jubila el enero próximo

the next five days will be crucial — los próximos cinco días serán decisivos

the next five days were very busy — los cinco días siguientes fueron muy ajetreados

next month/year — (in future) el mes/año que viene, el mes/año próximo, el mes/año entrante (esp LAm)

the next month/year — (in past) el mes/año siguiente

(the) next day/morning — al día/a la mañana siguiente

unemployment is predicted to fall both this year and next — se prevé que el desempleo disminuirá este año y el próximo or el siguiente

she'll have been gone six months next Friday — el viernes que viene or el viernes próximo hará seis meses que se marchó

on 4 May next — frm el 4 de mayo próximo

• the week after next — la semana que viene no or la semana próxima no, la siguiente

• he died ten years ago next week — la semana que viene or la semana próxima hará diez años que murió or se cumplen diez años de su muerte

• the next thing I knew he was gone — cuando me quise dar cuenta se había ido

• this time next week — la semana que viene a estas horas

this time next year — el año que viene por estas fechas

• next time — la próxima vez

(the) next time you see him — la próxima vez que lo veas

• from one moment/day to the next — de un momento/día para otro
moment
2) (of order) próximo, siguiente

I get out at the next stop — me bajo en la próxima or siguiente parada

who's next? — ¿a quién le toca ahora?, ¿quién sigue?

I'm/you're next — me/te toca (a mí/ti)

next please! — ¡el siguiente por favor!

she was next or the next person to arrive — ella fue la próxima or siguiente en llegar

I'm as much against violence as the next person, but... — estoy tan en contra de la violencia como cualquiera, pero...

• he's next after me — es el primero después de mí

• it's the next road but one — es la segunda calle después de esta

• the next life — la otra vida

• on the next page — en la siguiente página

• the next size up/down — (in clothes) una talla más grande/más pequeña; (in shoes) un número más grande/más pequeño

3) (=adjacent)

• next door — (en la casa de) al lado

next door's dog — el perro de (los vecinos de) al lado

I went next door to the bathroom — fui al baño que estaba (en el cuarto de) al lado

(the) next door but one — no la puerta de al lado, sino la siguiente

next door to — al lado de

we live next door to each other — vivimos uno al lado del otro

I live next door to her — vivo en la casa de al lado de la suya or contigua a la suya

• the next house — la casa de al lado

• I could hear them talking in the next room — les oía hablar en el cuarto de al lado

• she lives in the next street to me — vive en la calle contigua a la mía

- the girl/boy next door

2. ADV

1) (in past) después, luego

what did he do next? — ¿qué hizo después or luego?

when I next saw him — cuando lo volví a ver

I next saw him in Rome — la siguiente vez que lo vi fue en Roma

2) (in future)

what do we do next? — ¿y ahora qué hacemos?

next we put the salt in — a continuación or ahora añadimos la sal

when you next see him, when next you see him — cuando lo vuelvas a ver, la próxima vez que lo veas

whatever next! — ¡lo que faltaba!

3) (of place, order)

who's the next tallest boy? — ¿quién le sigue en altura?

the next smaller size — la talla más pequeña a continuación de esta

• it's the next best thing to having your own swimming pool — si no puedes tener tu propia piscina, esto es lo mejor

• what comes next? — ¿qué viene ahora?, ¿qué sigue?

4)

next to —

a) (=beside) al lado de

his room is next to mine — su habitación está al lado de la mía

I was sitting next to her — estaba sentada a su lado

to wear silk next to one's skin — llevar seda en contacto directo con la piel

b) (=after) después de

next to Spain, what country do you like best? — ¿después de España, cuál es tu país preferido?

c) (=compared to) al lado de

next to her I felt totally inept — al lado de ella, me sentía totalmente inútil

d) (=second)

he finished the race next to last — terminó la carrera en el penúltimo lugar

the next to last row — la penúltima fila

e) (=almost) casi

• it's next to impossible — es casi imposible

• I know next to nothing about computers — no sé casi nada de ordenadores, sé poquísimo de ordenadores

we got it for next to nothing — lo conseguimos por poquísimo dinero

3.

CPD

next of kin N — familiar(es) m(pl) más cercano(s), pariente(s) m(pl) más cercano(s)

* * *

I [nekst]
adjective

a) ( in time - talking about the future) próximo; (- talking about the past) siguiente

I'll see you next month/Thursday — nos vemos el mes/el jueves que viene or el mes/el jueves próximo

the matter will be/was discussed at the next meeting — el asunto se tratará en la próxima reunión/se trató en la reunión siguiente

the week after next — la semana que viene no, la otra or la siguiente

I'll have been here two months next Tuesday — el martes que viene hará dos meses que estoy aquí

from one day to the next — de un día para otro

b) ( in position) siguiente

I'm getting off at the next stop — me bajo en la próxima or la siguiente parada

the nearest station is in the next village — la estación más cercana queda en el pueblo de al lado

take the next turning on the right — tome la próxima or la siguiente a la derecha

c) ( in sequence)

who's next? — ¿quién sigue?, ¿a quién le toca?

next(, please)! — ( at doctor's) el siguiente, por favor

excuse me, I was o I'm next — perdone, me toca a mí

have you got the next size up/down? — ¿tiene una talla más grande/más pequeña?

to be (the) next to + inf: you're the next to speak — luego te toca a ti hablar, tú eres el próximo orador

II

adverb

1)

a) ( then) luego, después

what did you do/say next? — ¿y luego or después qué hiciste/dijiste?

b) ( now)

what shall we do next? — ¿y ahora qué hacemos?

what comes next? — ¿qué sigue (ahora)?

whatever next! — adónde vamos (a ir) a parar!

c) ( the first time after now)

when you see me next o when you next see me — la próxima vez que me veas

2) ( second)

Tom is the tallest in the class, Bob the next tallest — Tom es el más alto de la clase y (a Tom) le sigue Bob

it's the next best thing to champagne — después del champán, es lo mejor que hay

3) next to

a) ( beside) al lado de

we live next to the hospital — vivimos al lado del hospital

come and sit next to me — ven y siéntate a mi lado or junto a mí

b) ( compared with) al lado de

c) ( second)

the next to last page — la penúltima página

d) (almost, virtually)

I bought it for next to nothing — lo compré por poquísimo dinero

I'll have it ready in next to no time — lo termino en un segundo

English-spanish dictionary > next
19 good

good [gʊd]

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1. adjective

2. noun

3. compounds

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► compar better, superl best

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1. adjective

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► When good is part of a set combination, eg in a good temper, a good deal of, look up the noun.

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   a. bon

• a piece of good news une bonne nouvelle

• he's a good man c'est un homme bon

• we had good weather nous avons eu du beau temps

• we had a good time nous nous sommes bien amusés

• it's too good to be true c'est trop beau pour être vrai

• he's on to a good thing (inf) il a trouvé un bon filon (inf)

• it's a good job I was there heureusement que j'étais là

• it will take you a good hour il vous faudra une bonne heure

• a good 8 kilometres 8 bons kilomètres

   b. ( = kind) gentil

• be good to him soyez gentil avec lui

• that's very good of you c'est très gentil de votre part

• I tried to find something good to say about him j'ai essayé de trouver quelque chose de bien à dire sur lui

• would you be good enough to tell me auriez-vous l'obligeance de me dire

   c. ( = well-behaved) [child, animal] sage

• be good! sois sage !

• Andrew was as good as gold Andrew a été sage comme une image

   d. ( = at ease) I feel good je me sens bien

• I don't feel too good about that (inf) ( = ashamed) j'ai un peu honte de moi

   e. ( = attractive) joli

• she's got good legs elle a de jolies jambes

• that looks good on you ça vous va bien

• you look good! ( = healthy) tu as bonne mine ! ; ( = well-dressed) tu es très bien comme ça !

   f. ( = thorough) to have a good cry pleurer un bon coup

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► Verb + adverb may be used in French, instead of adjective + noun. For combinations other than the following, look up the noun.

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• give it a good rinse rincez-le bien

• give it a good stir mélangez-le bien

   g. (in greetings) good afternoon (early) bonjour ; (later) bonsoir ; (on leaving) bonsoir

• good morning bonjour

• Robert sends his good wishes Robert envoie ses amitiés

• with all good wishes (in letter) cordialement

   h. (in exclamations) good! bien !

• that's a good one! [joke, story] elle est bien bonne celle-là ! (inf)

   i. (emphatic use) we had a good long talk nous avons longuement discuté

• a good long walk une grande promenade

• good old Charles! (inf) ce bon vieux Charles !

• good strong shoes de bonnes chaussures

   j. (set structures)

► it's good to

• it's good to be here ça fait plaisir d'être ici

• it's good to see you looking so well ça fait plaisir de te voir en si bonne forme

• it's good to see you je suis content de te voir

• it's good to talk ça fait du bien de parler

• it's good to be alive il fait bon vivre► good at [+ academic subject] bon en

• good at French bon en français

• he's good at everything il est bon en tout

• she's good at singing elle chante bien

• she's good at putting people at their ease elle sait mettre les gens à l'aise► good with

• she's good with children elle sait s'y prendre avec les enfants

• she's good with her hands elle est habile de ses mains► good enough

• that's good enough for me cela me suffit

• that's not good enough ça ne suffit pas

• it's just not good enough! (indignantly) ça ne va pas du tout !► good for ( = healthy for)

milk is good for children le lait est bon pour les enfants

• it's good for you c'est bon pour la santé

• the shock was good for him le choc lui a été salutaire

• this ticket is good for three months ( = valid for) ce billet est valable trois mois

• my car is good for another few years ma voiture tiendra bien encore quelques années► what's good for

• if you know what's good for you you'll say yes si tu as le moindre bon sens tu accepteras

• what's good for the consumer isn't necessarily good for the economy ce qui bon pour le consommateur ne l'est pas forcément pour l'économie► more than is good for

• they tend to eat and drink more than is good for them ils ont tendance à boire et à manger plus que de raison

• some children know more than is good for them certains enfants en savent plus qu'ils ne devraient► as good as ( = practically) pratiquement

• his career is as good as over sa carrière est pratiquement terminée

• she as good as told me that... elle m'a dit à peu de chose près que...

• it was as good as a holiday c'étaient presque des vacances

• it's as good as saying that... autant dire que...

• he was as good as his word il a tenu promesse► as good as new [thing] comme neuf ( neuve f)

• in a day or so he'll be as good as new dans un jour ou deux il sera complètement rétabli► to make good ( = succeed) faire son chemin ; [ex-criminal] s'acheter une conduite (inf) ; ( = compensate for) [+ deficit] combler ; [+ deficiency, losses] compenser ; [+ expenses] rembourser ; [+ injustice, damage] réparer

• to make good a loss to sb dédommager qn d'une perte

• to make good a promise tenir une promesse

2. noun

   a. ( = virtue) bien m

• good and evil le bien et le mal

• there's some good in him il a de bons côtés

   b. ( = good deeds) to do good faire le bien

• she's up to no good (inf) elle prépare un mauvais coup (inf)

   c. ( = advantage, profit) bien m

• it's for his own good c'est pour son bien

• for the good of the country pour le bien du pays

• the common good l'intérêt m commun

• a lot of good that's done! nous voilà bien avancés !

• he'll come to no good il finira mal

► to do sb good faire du bien à qn

• that will do you good cela vous fera du bien

• what good will that do you? ça t'avancera à quoi ?

• a fat lot of good that will do you! (inf) tu seras bien avancé !

• a lot of good that's done him! le voilà bien avancé !

• it does my heart good to see him ça me réjouit de le voir

   d. ( = use) what's the good? à quoi bon ?

• what's the good of hurrying? à quoi bon se presser ?

• it's not much good to me [advice, suggestion] ça ne m'avance pas à grand-chose ; [object, money] ça ne me sert pas à grand-chose

• that won't be much good cela ne servira pas à grand-chose

• if that is any good to you si ça peut t'être utile

• is he any good? [worker, singer] qu'est-ce qu'il vaut ?

► no good ( = useless)

it's no good ça ne sert à rien

• it's no good saying that ça ne sert à rien de dire cela

• it's no good worrying ça ne sert à rien de se faire du souci

• it's no good, I'll never get it finished in time il n'y a rien à faire, je n'arriverai jamais à le finir à temps

• that's no good ça ne va pas

• I'm no good at maths je suis mauvais en maths

   e. ► for good pour de bon

• he's gone for good il est parti pour de bon

• for good and all une (bonne) fois pour toutes

• to settle down for good se fixer définitivement

3. compounds

► good-for-nothing noun bon m, bonne f à rien

► Good Friday noun Vendredi m saint

► good guy noun (Cinema) gentil m

► good-humoured adjective [person, appearance, smile] jovial ; [joke] sans malice

► good-looking adjective beau ( belle f)

► good looks plural noun beauté f

► good-natured adjective [person] facile à vivre ; [smile, laughter] bon enfant inv

► good-tempered adjective [person] qui a bon caractère

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GOOD FRIDAY AGREEMENT

Le Good Friday Agreement (« Accord du Vendredi saint »), également appelé le Belfast Agreement, a été signé le 10 avril 1998 dans le cadre du processus de paix qui devait mettre fin aux « Troubles » en Irlande du Nord. Il avait pour but de régler les relations entre l'Irlande du Nord et la République d'Irlande et entre ces deux pays et l'Angleterre, l'Écosse et le pays de Galles. Il a mis en place la « Northern Ireland Assembly » et lui a délégué certains pouvoirs. L'accord fut soumis à référendum le 22 mai 1998 et la population vota majoritairement pour.

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* * *
[gʊd] 1.
noun

1) ( virtue) bien m

to do good — faire le bien

to be up to no good — (colloq) mijoter quelque chose (colloq)

to come to no good — mal tourner

2) ( benefit) bien m

for all the good it did me — pour le peu de bien que ça m'a fait

she's too generous for her own good — elle est trop généreuse et ça lui jouera des tours

for the good of his health — lit pour sa santé

it didn't do my migraine any good — ça n'a pas arrangé ma migraine

no good can ou will come of it — rien de bon n'en sortira

no good will come of waiting — il vaut mieux agir tout de suite

to be all to the good — être pour le mieux

3) ( use)

it's no good crying — ça ne sert à rien de pleurer

what good would it do me? — à quoi cela me servirait-il?

4) GB ( profit)

to be £20 to the good — avoir 20 livres sterling à son crédit
2.
goods plural noun

1) ( for sale) gen articles mpl, marchandise f

stolen good — marchandise volée

electrical goods — appareils mpl électro-ménagers

goods and services — biens mpl de consommation et services

2) GB Railways marchandises fpl

3) ( property) affaires fpl, biens mpl

good and chattels — biens et effets personnels

4) (colloq)

to deliver ou come up with the goods — répondre à l'attente de quelqu'un

that's the goods! — c'est parfait!
3.
goods noun modifier GB Railways [ depot, station, train, wagon] de marchandises
4.
adjective (comparative better; superlative best)

1) ( enjoyable) gen bon/bonne; [party] réussi

the good weather — le beau temps

to have a good time — bien s'amuser

have a good day! — bonne journée!

the good things in life — les petits plaisirs de l'existence

the good life — la dolce vita

it's good to see you again — je suis content de vous revoir

2) ( happy)

to feel good about/doing — être content de/de faire

I didn't feel very good about lying to him — je n'étais pas très fier de lui avoir menti

3) ( healthy) [eye, ear etc] bon/bonne

you don't look too good — tu as mauvaise mine

I don't feel too good — je ne me sens pas très bien

4) ( high quality) bon/bonne; ( best) [coat, china] beau/belle; [degree] avec mention (after n)

I'm not good enough for her — je ne suis pas assez bien pour elle

nothing is too good for her son — rien n'est trop beau pour son fils

5) ( prestigious) (épith) [address, marriage] bon/bonne

6) ( obedient) [child, dog] sage; [manners] bon/bonne

there's a good boy ou girl! — c'est bien!

7) ( favourable) bon/bonne

the good thing is that — ce qui est bien c'est que

New York is good for shopping — New York est un bon endroit pour faire les magasins

8) ( attractive) beau/belle

to look good with — [garment, accessories] aller bien avec

she looks good in blue — le bleu lui va bien

9) ( tasty) [meal] bon/bonne

to taste good — avoir bon goût

to smell good — sentir bon inv

to look good — avoir l'air bon

10) ( virtuous) (épith) [man, life] vertueux/-euse; [Christian] bon/bonne

the good guys — les bons mpl

11) ( kind) [person] gentil/-ille

a good deed — une bonne action

to do somebody a good turn — rendre service à quelqu'un

would you be good enough to do —

would you be so good as to do — auriez-vous la gentillesse de faire

12) ( pleasant) [humour, mood] bon/bonne

to be in a good mood — être de bonne humeur

to be very good about — se montrer très compréhensif au sujet de [mistake]

13) ( competent) bon/bonne

she's a good swimmer — elle nage bien

to be good at — être bon en [Latin, physics]; être bon à [badminton, chess]

she's good at dancing — elle danse bien

to be no good at — être nul/nulle en [tennis, chemistry]; être nul/nulle à [chess, cards]

I'm no good at knitting — je ne sais pas tricoter

to be good with — savoir comment s'y prendre avec [children, animals]; aimer [figures]

to be good with one's hands — être habile de ses mains

to be good with words — savoir manier la langue

14) ( beneficial)

to be good for — faire du bien à [person, plant]; être bon pour [health, business, morale]

exercise is good for you — l'exercice fait du bien

he eats more than is good for him — il mange plus qu'il ne devrait

say nothing if you know what's good for you — si je peux te donner un conseil, ne dis rien

15) (effective, suitable, accurate, sensible) bon/bonne

to look good — [design] faire de l'effet

to keep good time — être très précis

this will look good on your CV GB ou résumé US — cela fera bien sur votre CV

that's a good point — tout à fait

16) ( fluent)

he speaks good Spanish — il parle bien espagnol

17) ( fortunate)

it's a good job ou thing (that) — heureusement que

it's a good job ou thing too! — tant mieux!

we've never had it so good — (colloq) les affaires n'ont jamais été aussi prospères

it's too good to be true — c'est trop beau pour être vrai

18) ( serviceable)

this season ticket is good for two more months — cette carte d'abonnement est valable encore deux mois

the car is good for another 10,000 km — la voiture fera encore 10000 km

it's as good a reason as any — c'est une raison comme une autre

to be good for a loan — avoir de l'argent à prêter

19) ( substantial) (épith) [salary, size, hour] bon/bonne

it must be worth a good 2,000 dollars — ça doit valoir au moins 2000 dollars

a good thick mattress — un matelas bien épais

good and early — de très bonne heure

give it a good clean — nettoie-le bien

we had a good laugh — on a bien ri; better, best
5.
as good as adverbial phrase

1) ( virtually) quasiment

to be as good as new — être comme neuf/neuve

2) ( tantamount to)

it's as good as saying yes — c'est comme si tu disais oui

he as good as called me a liar — il m'a plus ou moins traité de menteur
6.
for good adverbial phrase pour toujours
7.
exclamation (expressing pleasure, satisfaction) c'est bien!; ( with relief) tant mieux!; (to encourage, approve) très bien!

••

good for you! — ( approvingly) bravo!; ( sarcastically) tant mieux pour toi!

that's a good one! — (of joke, excuse) elle est bonne celle-là!

good on you! — (colloq) GB bravo!

good thinking — bien vu!

to be onto a good thing (colloq), to have a good thing going — (colloq) être sur un bon filon

you can have too much of a good thing — il ne faut pas abuser des bonnes choses

English-French dictionary > good
20 be

'bi: ɡi:
( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingeniería

be vb

1. ser

Michael is very tall Michael es muy alto

Lisbon is the capital of Portugal Lisboa es la capital de Portugal

sugar is sweet el azúcar es dulce

Napoleon was Corsican Napoleón era corso

my father is an architect mi padre es arquitecto

my mother is from Bristol mi madre es de Bristol

what time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las tres

June 17th is Elena's birthday el 17 de junio es el cumpleaños de Elena

who is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo

this exercise is difficult este ejercicio es difícil

the house was built 50 years ago la casa fue construida hace 50 años

he was attacked by a dog le atacó un perro

2. estar

how are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bien

David is very happy David está muy contento

I'm tired estoy cansado

his wife's pregnant su mujer está embarazada

we were worried about you estábamos preocupados por ti

where is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?

the milk is on the table la leche está en la mesa

how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?

what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?

3. tener

how old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años

I'm cold tengo frío

she's hungry tiene hambre

you're right tienes razón

4. costar / valer / ser

how much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?

the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una

5. hacer

it's sunny hace sol

it's hot hace calor

it was cold hacía frío

6. haber

there are a lot of people hay mucha gente

how many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?

there was an explosion hubo una explosión

El pasado de be es was o were y el participio pasado es been; el gerundio se escribe being

Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentos

what are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?

I'm reading a magazine estoy leyendo una revista

look, it's snowing mira, está nevando

be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assert

be

tr[biː]

intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)

1 (permanent characteristic) ser

■ she's clever es inteligente

■ he's blind es ciego

■ I'm deaf soy sordo

2 (essential quality) ser

■ diamonds are hard los diamantes son duros

3 (nationality) ser

■ John's English John es inglés

■ they are Japanese son japoneses

4 (occupation) ser

■ he's an engineer es ingeniero

■ we are both teachers los dos somos profesores

5 (origin) ser

■ they are from York son de York

6 (ownership) ser

■ it's my pencil es mi lápiz

7 (authorship) ser

■ this painting is by Botero este cuadro es de Botero

8 (composition) ser

■ this cupboard is oak este armario es de roble

9 (use) ser

■ this product is for tiles este producto es para baldosas

10 (location) estar

■ Whitby is on the coast Whitby está en la costa

11 (temporary state) estar

■ your supper's cold tu cena está fría

■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?

■ you're a bit deaf today estás un poco sordo hoy

■ prawns are cheap today las gambas están bien de precio hoy

12 (age) tener

■ Philip is 22 Philip tiene 22 años

13 (price) costar, valer

■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.50

14 tener

■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío

■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed

■ she's in a hurry tiene prisa

■ he's right tiene razón

auxiliar be + pres part

1 (action in progress or near future) estar

■ it is raining está lloviendo

■ he's working está trabajando

■ the train is coming viene el tren

■ I am going on Thursday iré el jueves

■ she's meeting Mr Broddle tomorrow se reunirá con el señor Broddle mañana

auxiliar to be + past participle

1 (passive) ser

■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera

■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian

■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta

■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa

■ he was given a clock le dieron un reloj

■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos

■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro

auxiliar be + to + inf

1 (obligation) deber, tener que

■ you are not to come here again no debes volver aquí

■ you are to do as I say tienes que hacer lo que yo te diga

1 (future)

■ the King is to visit Egypt el Rey visitará Egipto

phrase there is / there are

1 hay

■ there's some wine in the bottle hay algo de vino en la botella

■ there are two policemen following us hay dos policías que nos siguen

■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?

1 había

■ there was no money no había dinero

■ there were twenty five candles on the cake había veinticinco velas en la tarta

■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?

phrase there will be

1 habrá

■ there will be snow in the mountains habrá nieve en las montañas

phrase there would be

1 habría

■ there would be time to see the castle habría tiempo para ver el castillo

■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + inf

■ the train is about to arrive el tren está a punto de llegar

to be or not to be ser o no ser

be ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] vi

1) (expressing equality) : ser

José is a doctor: José es doctor

I'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Ana

2) (expressing quality) : ser

the tree is tall: el árbol es alto

you're silly!: ¡eres tonto!

3) (expressing origin or possession) : ser

she's from Managua: es de Managua

it's mine: es mío

4) (expressing location) : estar

my mother is at home: mi madre está en casa

the cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesa

5) (expressing existence) : ser, existir

to be or not to be: ser, o no ser

I think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existo

6) (expressing a state of being) : estar, tener

how are you?: ¿cómo estás?

I'm cold: tengo frío

she's 10 years old: tiene 10 años

they're both sick: están enfermos los dos

be v impers

1) (indicating time) : ser

it's eight o'clock: son las ocho

it's Friday: hoy es viernes

2) (indicating a condition) : hacer, estar

it's sunny: hace sol

it's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuera

be v aux

1) (expressing progression) : estar

what are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajando

2) (expressing occurrence) : ser

it was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayer

it was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el horno

3) (expressing possibility) : poderse

can she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?

4) (expressing obligation) : deber

you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquí

he was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayer

be

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.

(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)

• ser v.

(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-

imp: er-

pret

fu-•)

biːˌ weak form bi
1.

1) (pres am, are, is; past was, were; past p been) intransitive verb [See notes at ser and estar]

Sense I

2)

a) (followed by an adjective)

she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente

he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso

he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego

he's short and fat — es bajo y gordo

he's so fat he can't get into his clothes any more — está tan gordo que ya no le cabe la ropa

these shoes are new — estos zapatos son nuevos

have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!

the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?

she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo

she's very rude — es muy grosera

be good — sé bueno

don't be silly! — no seas tonto!

b) ( talking about marital status)

Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero

to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien

we've been married for eight years — llevamos ocho años casados

3)

a) (followed by a noun) ser*

she's a lawyer — es abogada

he's a Catholic — es católico

she was Prime Minister for 11 years — fue Primera Ministra durante 11 años

who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?

it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel

if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría

b) ( play the role of) hacer* de

I was Juliet in the school play — hice de Julieta en la obra del colegio

4)

a) ( talking about mental and physical states)

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?

I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor

she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada

I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño

she has been ill — ha estado enferma

he's dead — está muerto

b) ( talking about age) tener*

how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?

I'm 31 — tengo 31 años

Paul was four last Monday — Paul cumplió cuatro años el lunes pasado

he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor

our house is over 100 years old — nuestra casa tiene más de 100 años

c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)

how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor

they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una

two plus two is four — dos más dos son cuatro

how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?

Jim's over six feet (tall) — Jim mide más de seis pies

Sense II

5)

a) (exist, live)

I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien

her husband-to-be — su futuro marido

b) ( in expressions of time)

don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)

I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy

how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?

c) ( take place) ser*

the party is tomorrow — la fiesta es mañana

6) (be situated, present) estar*

where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?

where are you? — ¿dónde estás?

what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?

who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?

he's here for two weeks — va a estar aquí dos semanas

how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?

7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*

I've never been to India — nunca he estado en la India

have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?

2.

v impers

1)

a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)

it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor

it's cloudy — está nublado

it was three degrees below zero — hacía tres grados bajo cero

it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!

I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...

b) ( in expressions of time) ser*

it's three o'clock — son las tres

it's one o'clock — es la una

it was still very early — todavía era muy temprano

it's Wednesday today — hoy es miércoles

hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)

c) ( talking about distance) estar*

it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí

2)

a) (introducing person, object) ser*

it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo

b) (in conditional use) ser*

if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado

3.

v aux

1) to be -ing

a) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + ger

what was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?

she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...

how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?

b) ( with future reference)

he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana

when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?

she'll be staying at the Plaza — se va a alojar en el Plaza

2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]

it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903

she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...

it is known that... — se sabe que...

3) to be to + inf

a) ( with future reference)

I'm to be met at the airport by Joe — Joe me irá a buscar al aeropuerto

the dessert is (still) to come — todavía falta el postre

if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...

b) ( expressing possibility)

what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?

he wasn't to know — no tenía cómo saberlo

it was nowhere to be found — no se lo pudo encontrar por ninguna parte

c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inf

tell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí

you are not to tell Carol! — no debes decírselo a Carol!

am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?

I'm not to be disturbed! — que nadie me moleste!

4) ( in hypotheses)

what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?

5)

a) (in tag questions)

she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?

so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas

b) (in elliptical uses)

are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)

she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no

I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?

[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) ser

he's a pianist — es pianista

he wants to be a doctor — quiere ser médico

Monday's a holiday — el lunes es fiesta

two and two are four — dos y dos son cuatro

it's me! — ¡soy yo!

it was me — fui yo

who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?

you be the patient and I'll be the doctor — tú eres el enfermo y yo seré el médico

if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *

2) (possession) ser

she's his sister — es su hermana

it's mine — es mío

3) (characteristics seen as inherent) ser

the sky is blue — el cielo es azul

it's (made of) plastic — es de plástico

they're English — son ingleses

he's tall — es alto

it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme

she is boring — es aburrida

I used to be poor but now I'm rich — antes era pobre pero ahora soy rico

if I were rich — si fuera rico

I'm from the south — soy del sur

the book is in French — el libro es en francés
Use [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:
it's broken — está roto

he's dead — está muerto

4) (changeable or temporary state) estar

it's dirty — está sucio

she's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?

how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?

I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor

my feet are cold — tengo los pies fríos

I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed

be good! — ¡pórtate bien!

you're late — llegas tarde
afraid, sleepy, right
5) (age)

"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años

she will be two tomorrow — mañana cumple dos años

when I'm old — cuando sea viejo

when I was young — cuando era joven

6) (=take place) ser

the meeting's today — la reunión es hoy

the service will be at St Ninian's Church — el oficio será en la iglesia de San Ninian

7) (=be situated) estar

Edinburgh is in Scotland — Edimburgo está en Escocia

it's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa

where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?

it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros

he won't be here tomorrow — mañana no estará aquí

we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo

• here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)

• there's the church — ahí está la iglesia

8) (impersonal use)

a) (referring to weather) hacer

it's hot/cold — hace calor/frío

it's too hot — hace demasiado calor

it's fine — hace buen tiempo

b) (referring to time, date etc) ser

it's eight o'clock — son las ocho

it's morning in New York now — en Nueva York ahora es por la mañana

wake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día

what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?

it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo

it's Thursday today — hoy es jueves
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo

it's Thursday today — hoy estamos a jueves

c) (asking and giving opinion) ser

is it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?

it is easy to make a mistake — es fácil cometer un fallo

is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?

it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga

it is impossible to study all the time — es imposible estar siempre estudiando

it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...

it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...

it would be wrong for us to do that — no estaría bien que nosotros hiciésemos eso

d) (emphatic) ser

it's me who does all the work — soy yo quien hace todo el trabajo

it was Peter who phoned — fue Peter quien llamó

why is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?

it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...

9) (=exist) haber

there is/are — hay

what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?

there is nothing more beautiful — no hay nada más bello

is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?

there were six road accidents here last year — el año pasado hubo seis accidentes de tráfico aquí

there must be an explanation — debe de haber una explicación

there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...

let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!

there are three of us — somos tres

there were three of them — eran tres

after the shop there's the bus station — después de la tienda está la estación de autobuses

See:

THERE IS, THERE ARE in there

10) (=cost)

how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?

the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras

how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm

11) (=visit)

has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?

he has been and gone — vino y se fue

I have been to see my aunt — he ido a ver a mi tía

have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?

I've been to China — he estado en China

12) (in noun compounds) futuro

• mother to be — futura madre or mamá f

• my wife to be — mi futura esposa

13) (in set expressions)

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

• been and * —

you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *

that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!

• you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo

as things are — tal como están las cosas

be that as it may — sea como fuere

• if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido

• let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!

• if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante

• what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?

• what's it to be? — (in bar etc) ¿qué va a ser?, ¿qué vas a tomar?

2. AUXILIARY VERB

1) (forming passive) ser

the house was destroyed by an earthquake — la casa fue destruida por un terremoto
The passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:
the box had been opened — habían abierto la caja

these cars are produced in Spain — estos coches se fabrican en España

it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...

he was killed by a terrorist — lo mató un terrorista

she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm

what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?

• it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse

• we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio

2) (forming continuous) estar

it's raining — está lloviendo

what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?

don't distract me when I'm driving — no me distraigas cuando estoy conduciendo

he's always grumbling — siempre está quejándose

he was studying until the early hours — estuvo estudiando hasta la madrugada
Use the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:
they're coming tomorrow — vienen mañana

"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!

will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?

will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?

I shall be seeing him — voy a verlo

I'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past:
he was driving too fast — conducía demasiado rápido
for, since
3) (verb substitute)

a)

he's older than you are — es mayor que tú

he isn't as happy as he was — no está tan contento como antes

"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?

"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también

"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco

"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!

"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí

"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!

"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?

"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí

"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no

"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!

b) (in question tags)

he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?

it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?

she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?

so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?

you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?

3. MODAL VERB
(with infinitive construction)
1) (=must, have to)

you're to put on your shoes — tienes que ponerte los zapatos

he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra

I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo

I am not to speak to him — no tengo permiso para hablar con él

I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre

2) (=should) deber

he is to be congratulated on his work — debemos felicitarlo por su trabajo

am I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?

she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título

he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer

he is to be pitied — es digno de lástima

3) (=will)

the talks are to start tomorrow — las conversaciones darán comienzo mañana

her house is to be sold — su casa se pondrá a la venta

they are to be married in the summer — se casarán en el verano

4) (=can)

these birds are to be found all over the world — estos pájaros se encuentran por todo el mundo

little traffic was to be seen — había poco tráfico

you weren't to know — no tenías por qué saberlo

5) (expressing destiny)

this was to have serious repercussions — esto iba a tener serias repercusiones

they were never to return — jamás regresaron

it was not to be — no quiso el destino que así fuera

6) (in conditional sentences)

you must work harder if you are to succeed — debes esforzarte más si quieres triunfar

if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...

if I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
BE
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry
* * *
[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.

1) (pres am, are, is; past was, were; past p been) intransitive verb [See notes at ser and estar]

Sense I

2)

a) (followed by an adjective)

she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente

he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso

he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego

he's short and fat — es bajo y gordo

he's so fat he can't get into his clothes any more — está tan gordo que ya no le cabe la ropa

these shoes are new — estos zapatos son nuevos

have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!

the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?

she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo

she's very rude — es muy grosera

be good — sé bueno

don't be silly! — no seas tonto!

b) ( talking about marital status)

Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero

to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien

we've been married for eight years — llevamos ocho años casados

3)

a) (followed by a noun) ser*

she's a lawyer — es abogada

he's a Catholic — es católico

she was Prime Minister for 11 years — fue Primera Ministra durante 11 años

who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?

it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel

if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría

b) ( play the role of) hacer* de

I was Juliet in the school play — hice de Julieta en la obra del colegio

4)

a) ( talking about mental and physical states)

how are you? — ¿cómo estás?

I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor

she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada

I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño

she has been ill — ha estado enferma

he's dead — está muerto

b) ( talking about age) tener*

how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?

I'm 31 — tengo 31 años

Paul was four last Monday — Paul cumplió cuatro años el lunes pasado

he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor

our house is over 100 years old — nuestra casa tiene más de 100 años

c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)

how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor

they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una

two plus two is four — dos más dos son cuatro

how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?

Jim's over six feet (tall) — Jim mide más de seis pies

Sense II

5)

a) (exist, live)

I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo

to be or not to be — ser o no ser

to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien

her husband-to-be — su futuro marido

b) ( in expressions of time)

don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)

I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy

how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?

c) ( take place) ser*

the party is tomorrow — la fiesta es mañana

6) (be situated, present) estar*

where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?

where are you? — ¿dónde estás?

what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?

who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?

he's here for two weeks — va a estar aquí dos semanas

how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?

7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*

I've never been to India — nunca he estado en la India

have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?

2.

v impers

1)

a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)

it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor

it's cloudy — está nublado

it was three degrees below zero — hacía tres grados bajo cero

it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!

I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...

b) ( in expressions of time) ser*

it's three o'clock — son las tres

it's one o'clock — es la una

it was still very early — todavía era muy temprano

it's Wednesday today — hoy es miércoles

hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)

c) ( talking about distance) estar*

it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí

2)

a) (introducing person, object) ser*

it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo

b) (in conditional use) ser*

if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado

3.

v aux

1) to be -ing

a) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + ger

what was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?

she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...

how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?

b) ( with future reference)

he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana

when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?

she'll be staying at the Plaza — se va a alojar en el Plaza

2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]

it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903

she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...

it is known that... — se sabe que...

3) to be to + inf

a) ( with future reference)

I'm to be met at the airport by Joe — Joe me irá a buscar al aeropuerto

the dessert is (still) to come — todavía falta el postre

if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...

b) ( expressing possibility)

what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?

he wasn't to know — no tenía cómo saberlo

it was nowhere to be found — no se lo pudo encontrar por ninguna parte

c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inf

tell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí

you are not to tell Carol! — no debes decírselo a Carol!

am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?

I'm not to be disturbed! — que nadie me moleste!

4) ( in hypotheses)

what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?

5)

a) (in tag questions)

she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?

so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas

b) (in elliptical uses)

are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)

she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no

I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?

English-spanish dictionary > be

Страницы

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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I'll have finished by Friday

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

I'll have finished by Friday

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